What are the infertility antibody tests?

Some women who want to get pregnant but have been unable to conceive will go to the hospital for a check-up. After ruling out other reasons, many doctors will recommend an infertility antibody test. What is an antibody test? Many women may be confused. In fact, there are several types of antibody tests, including anti-ovarian antibodies, anti-endometrial antibodies, anti-human chorionic gonadotropin antibodies, and anti-sperm antibodies. I believe everyone will be unfamiliar with it, so let me give you a detailed explanation.

The antibody test for immune infertility uses the immunoenzyme labeling (ELISA) method, which can detect four types of antibodies related to fertility in the human body. Some of these antibodies may exist in the human blood, and some may exist in local parts of the human reproductive tract, such as seminal plasma and cervical mucus. This test provides a scientific diagnostic basis for the diagnosis and treatment of infertility.

Anti-ovarian antibodies: In the 1960s and 1970s, it was discovered that there were special antigens in the ovaries. In recent years, it has been reported that anti-ovarian autoimmunity can affect the normal development and function of the ovaries. It can lead to ovarian failure or atresia of follicles before maturity, resulting in infertility.

Women with ovarian antibodies have abnormal follicular development. Either the follicles do not grow to the point where they can conceive, or they grow to the point where they can conceive but cannot be discharged naturally. Some people also experience premature ovarian failure prematurely, making it difficult for many women of childbearing age to develop mature follicles throughout their lives, leading to primary and secondary infertility.

Anti-endometrial antibodies: The endometrium is the place where the embryo implants and grows and develops, but under pathological conditions, such as endometritis, endometriosis and adenomyosis, it can be converted into antigens or haptens, stimulating the body to produce corresponding antibodies.

In addition, during the curettage of artificial abortion, the embryonic sac may also act as an antigen to stimulate the body to produce antibodies.

Anti-human chorionic gonadotropin antibodies: Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is the main hormone that maintains early pregnancy. However, for women with a history of spontaneous abortion, induced abortion, and biochemical pregnancy, the hCG in the chorionic tissue may act as an antigen to stimulate the mother to produce antibodies during the abortion process.

Anti-sperm antibodies: Anti-sperm antibodies can occur in both men and women. There are many antigens in semen. These antigens can be absorbed through the cervical epithelium in the female reproductive tract and produce an immune response, producing anti-sperm antibodies in the female's blood and local reproductive tract.

This antibody can affect the movement of sperm and cause infertility. Under normal circumstances, men do not produce their own anti-sperm antibodies. However, when the male vas deferens becomes inflamed or has certain lesions, sperm antigens may penetrate into the peripheral tissues and cause the body to produce anti-sperm antibodies.

Immunological infertility treatment

1)

Isolation therapy. It is important to avoid stimulation of the female by sperm antigens. Women with sperm isoimmune infertility can hope to conceive after using condoms for 3 to 6 months and the antibody effect disappears.

2) Immunosuppressive therapy. This therapy has now achieved good results

About 1/2 of the patients were cured by this method and successfully conceived. Infertile women with antisperm antibodies in cervical mucus can be treated with topical vaginal hydrocortisone, adrenocortical hormones,

It can be used to treat immune infertility.

3) Intrauterine insemination. When sperm antibodies are present in the cervical mucus and interfere with conception, the husband's semen can be processed in vitro

, separate high-quality sperm for intrauterine insemination.

4) In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. This method is a reflection of today's high technology. The fertilization rate reaches 83%, the pregnancy rate reaches 33%. The continued presence of high titer anti-sperm antibodies in women is an indication for "test tube babies".

The above is some introduction of the editor to infertility antibody testing. There are many reasons for infertility. We need to actively cooperate with the doctor's examination and treatment. In the process, I believe it is long and painful, but for family members who want a baby, we must firmly believe that there will always be a day of pregnancy. Attitude is the key.