What is bleeding during menstruation?

Bleeding in the middle of menstruation. I believe many women have encountered similar problems. Some people only have a small amount of blood in their leucorrhea, some people even bleed a lot, and some people may have such a situation every month. Many women do not know what causes their bleeding. Let me share with you what is going on with bleeding in the middle of menstruation.

"Ovulation bleeding" refers to a small amount of vaginal bleeding between two menstrual periods caused by ovulation in the ovaries. Normal menstruation for women occurs every 28 to 30 days (may fluctuate by 3 to 5 days), and the menstrual period lasts for 3 to 5 days (may fluctuate by 2 days). Regular ovarian ovulation is the fundamental guarantee for normal menstruation. Women have two ovaries, one on each side, located behind and below the fallopian tubes on both sides of the uterus. They produce eggs and sex hormones to maintain women's normal menstrual physiology and reproductive function. In a mature female, generally one follicle matures and releases a mature egg every month. Ovulation usually occurs in the middle of two menstrual periods, roughly about 14 days before the onset of menstruation.

A woman's menstrual cycle can be simply divided into four periods:

1. Menstrual period, which is the period from the onset of menstruation to the end of menstruation;

2. The preovulatory period is the period from the onset of menstruation to ovulation.

3. Ovulation, the period of time during which the egg is released;

4. The late ovulation period is the period from the time when the egg is released to the time before the next menstrual period. During the preovulation period, the follicles gradually develop to maturity and secrete estrogen and a small amount of progesterone. Estrogen gradually repairs the endometrium during the bleeding period and stops the bleeding. As the secretion of estrogen increases, the repaired endometrium gradually thickens (called a proliferative reaction). Before ovulation, estrogen levels reach a peak. During ovulation, the mature follicle ruptures and the egg is released. The estrogen level drops rapidly, causing the endometrium, which has been proliferating due to the nourishment of estrogen, to lose support and cause a small amount of bleeding. Under normal circumstances, this bleeding is extremely short (about 1 to 2 hours), and only red blood cells can be seen in the leucorrhea under a microscope. After ovulation, the ruptured follicle quickly collapses and closes to form a corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone and a small amount of estrogen, causing the endometrium, which is in a proliferative reaction, to continue thickening (called a secretory reaction). If there is no pregnancy, the life span of the corpus luteum is generally no more than 14 days before it atrophies and loses its function. The estrogen and progesterone levels in the body decrease at the same time, causing the secretory endometrium to lose hormonal nutrition and completely fall off and bleed (this is called menstruation). Generally speaking, brief and light ovulation bleeding does not require treatment. If the amount of bleeding is heavy, lasts for a long time, or does not heal repeatedly, it can be regarded as a phenomenon of irregular menstruation.

In general, bleeding during the menstrual period is ovulation bleeding, which is a normal phenomenon and there is no need to worry about it. However, you still need to pay attention to the different amounts of bleeding. Vaginal bleeding may also be caused by gynecological diseases, so it needs to attract the attention of women. You can have regular gynecological examinations. I hope my simple answer above is helpful to you. I wish you good health.