What surgical treatments are available for endometriosis?

Endometriosis is an important factor that causes women to be unable to get pregnant. Therefore, for women who have not yet given birth, if the endometriosis is severe, they must pay attention to active treatment to avoid affecting future fertility. Nowadays, surgical treatment is the most effective treatment for endometriosis. Therefore, many patients want to have a comprehensive understanding of endometriosis surgery. In response to this situation, this article gives a detailed introduction to endometriosis surgery.

1. Conservative surgery: mainly used for young people who want to have children. The uterus and its appendages are preserved (bilaterally as much as possible), and only the lesions are removed, adhesions are separated, the ovaries are reconstructed, and the tissues are repaired. In recent years, the application of microsurgery to remove ectopic lesions, carefully suture the wound, reconstruct the pelvic peritoneum, carefully stop bleeding, and thoroughly flush has perfected the surgical effect, increased the success rate of postoperative pregnancy, and reduced the recurrence rate.

1. Laparoscopic surgery: Laparoscopic examination can be used to confirm the diagnosis, and specially designed knives, scissors, forceps, etc. can be used to remove lesions and separate adhesions. Under laparoscopy, CO2 laser or helium-neon laser can be used to cauterize the lesion. That is, a second incision is made 2 cm above the pubic symphysis. The laser knife enters the pelvic cavity through the cannula of this incision and cauterizes the lesion under direct vision of the laparoscope. The cyst fluid can also be aspirated through laparoscopic puncture, then rinsed with saline, and then 5 to 10 ml of anhydrous ethanol is injected. After fixing for 5 to 10 minutes, it is aspirated out, and finally rinsed with saline and aspirated out.

(ii) Semi-radical surgery: For women who have no fertility requirements, have severe lesions, and are relatively young (<45 years old), total hysterectomy and lesion removal can be performed, but normal ovarian tissue on one side should be preserved as much as possible to avoid the onset of menopausal symptoms too early. It is generally believed that the recurrence rate after semi-radical surgery is low and there are few sequelae. Hysterectomy removes the source of viable endometrial cell implants, thereby reducing the chance of recurrence. However, recurrence is still possible because the ovaries are preserved.

(III) Radical surgery: For patients approaching menopause, especially those with severe disease and previous recurrence, total hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy should be performed. During surgery, rupture of ovarian endometrial cysts should be avoided as much as possible. When the cyst fluid flows out, it should be sucked out and flushed as quickly as possible. For those who experience menopausal syndrome after surgery, sedatives and nialstradiol can be used.

This article has made a detailed analysis of endometriosis surgery. For patients, in order to recover as quickly as possible after the surgery, they need to pay attention to many things, such as eating a light and reasonable diet and ensuring adequate sleep. At the same time, they should also be careful not to have sex too early after the surgery, as this will have a great impact on the recovery of the disease. Women should take care of their bodies and wait until their bodies have fully recovered before having sex.