How do female contraceptive pills work?

Nowadays, many female friends like to use birth control pills for contraception. For female friends who choose to use birth control pills for contraception, it is very necessary to understand the principle of female birth control pills. So what is the principle of female birth control pills? Next, this article will introduce to you how the principles of female contraceptives work. Friends who want to know how the principles of female contraceptives work can take a look!

How do female contraceptive pills work? The principles of female contraceptives are multi-faceted and multi-faceted, and vary depending on the ingredients, formulations, dosages, and usage. For example, combined preparations of estrogen and progesterone mainly inhibit ovulation, small doses of progesterone mainly hinder fertilization, and large doses of progesterone mainly prevent implantation. The above classification of application mechanisms is relative.

1. Sex hormones that inhibit ovulation

After oral administration, the blood concentration of estrogen and progesterone increases, which inhibits the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the hypothalamus through negative feedback. In addition, the sex hormones in the blood also have a direct inhibitory effect on the anterior pituitary, which can reduce the secretion of gonadotropin by the anterior pituitary, and reduce the amount of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in the blood. Since the secretion of FSH is inhibited, the growth and maturation of follicles are hindered, there are no mature follicles for ovulation, and the estrogen peak before ovulation is also cancelled. Because the LH surge during the mid-cycle disappears, the ovulation process is inhibited.

2. Sex hormones that hinder fertilization

After taking small doses of progesterone orally, it changes the physical and chemical properties of cervical mucus and hinders fertilization. Progesterone can inhibit the secretion of cervical mucus, reducing the amount of mucus but increasing the viscosity and cell content, which is not conducive to sperm penetration, making it difficult for sperm to pass through, thereby hindering fertilization. When progesterone is dominant, sperm capacitation is inhibited and sperm loses its fertilization ability, thus affecting fertilization. Taking small doses of progestin continuously throughout the menstrual cycle can hinder fertilization. Its advantage is that it does not contain estrogen and has fewer side effects, but its contraceptive effect is worse than that of estrogen and progestin combination preparations, and the incidence of irregular bleeding is higher. Rarely used.

The human hypothalamus secretes "gonadotropin-releasing hormone", which promotes the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). In women, FSH promotes the growth and development of ovarian follicles. Under the combined action of FSH and LH, the mature follicles secrete estrogen and progesterone.

The above is an introduction to the principles of female contraceptives. I believe that after reading the above introduction, you will have a clear understanding of the principles of female contraceptives. In fact, there are two main principles of female contraceptives. One is to inhibit ovulation, and the other is to hinder fertilization. These two principles are both effective contraceptive methods!