Treatment of six types of anemia symptoms in women

Many women have symptoms of anemia, but few can distinguish the different causes of anemia, so they are also blind in choosing treatment methods. Today, we invite relevant experts to tell you about the differences and causes of the six types of anemia symptoms in women, so that we can prevent and treat the pain caused by anemia in women and be more targeted.

1. Nutritional anemia

Nutritional anemia mainly refers to anemia caused by severe iron deficiency in the body, followed by lack of vitamin B2.

1. Causes of nutritional anemia: Many women control their diet too much, dare not touch meat, eggs and milk, and even eat less vegetable oil. They eat vegetarian food such as vegetables and radishes for a long time, which leads to anemia.

2. Symptoms of nutritional anemia: In addition to general anemia symptoms such as dizziness, tinnitus, blurred vision, fatigue, dry and falling hair, patients may also suffer from loss of appetite, diarrhea, mouth ulcers, glossitis, etc.

3. Prevention and treatment of nutritional anemia: The key is to adjust the dietary nutritional structure and eat scientifically. For breakfast, you can take in enough high-calorie, high-quality protein, such as soy milk, eggs, milk, etc.; for lunch, you can take in a wide range of nutrients from the dishes; for dinner, you can eat less fat and sweets to prevent indigestion and obesity. It is advisable to eat more seaweed, carrots, citrus fruits, tomatoes, etc. People with enteritis and ulcers should actively seek treatment to improve their overall nutritional status.

2. Iron deficiency anemia

Iron deficiency anemia refers to a type of microcytic hypochromic anemia caused by insufficient iron storage in the body, which affects hemoglobin synthesis. It is the most common type of anemia throughout the world, including in my country. The incidence of this disease is very high and is almost universal.

1. Causes of iron deficiency anemia: Iron is an important trace element for hematopoiesis, and iron deficiency in the diet is the main cause of anemia. In addition, hookworm infection, gastrointestinal malabsorption, bleeding from gastric and duodenal ulcers, hemorrhoidal bleeding, menorrhagia in women, and functional uterine bleeding in adolescence can all cause iron deficiency anemia.

2. Symptoms of iron deficiency anemia: The symptoms are similar to those of nutritional anemia, and can be identified by testing the trace elements in the hair.

3. Prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia: To treat iron deficiency anemia, take 5-20 ml of ferrous sulfate or 10% ammonium ferric citrate, 3 times a day. At the same time, you need to take vitamin C 100-200 mg, 3 times a day, to promote iron absorption. After the anemia symptoms disappear, you need to continue taking the medicine for 1-2 months to consolidate the therapeutic effect.

4. Auxiliary treatment for iron deficiency anemia: one is a high-protein diet. Protein is the raw material for synthesizing hemoglobin. Attention should be paid to dietary supplementation. Eat 80 grams of high-quality protein foods such as animal liver, lean meat, eggs, milk and soy products every day; second, consume fat in moderation, about 50 grams per day is appropriate. Do not consume too much fat, otherwise it will reduce the digestion and absorption function and inhibit the hematopoietic function; third, eat iron-rich foods, such as spinach, seaweed, animal liver, animal blood and hawthorn, and it is recommended to use iron pots; fourth, the diet should include foods rich in vitamins, especially B vitamins and vitamin C, which are very effective in preventing and treating anemia; fifth, correct bad eating habits, such as picky eating and long-term vegetarianism.

3. Hemorrhagic anemia

Blood loss is the most common cause of anemia, which can be divided into acute and chronic types. Chronic blood loss often causes iron deficiency anemia; anemia caused by massive blood loss in a short period of time due to trauma or disease process causing blood vessel rupture or defective hemostasis mechanism is called acute hemorrhagic anemia.

1. The causes of hemorrhagic anemia: First, severe functional uterine bleeding (metrorrhagia); second, ectopic pregnancy, placenta previa or various gynecological and obstetric bleeding during childbirth; third, massive bleeding due to sexual intercourse trauma; fourth, massive hemoptysis due to bronchiectasis or lung tumors; fifth, rupture of varicose veins in the lower esophagus and vomiting of blood caused by ulcer disease or liver disease; sixth, various surgical trauma and bleeding during surgical operations, etc.

2. Symptoms of hemorrhagic anemia: If the amount of bleeding reaches 1500-2000 ml (about 40% of the total blood volume), even if the patient was healthy before the bleeding and rested in bed after the bleeding, he or she will still feel thirsty, nausea, shortness of breath, extreme dizziness, and even temporary loss of will.

Due to the redistribution of blood circulation, the patient has cold hands and feet, pale complexion, and decreased urine volume. Blood pressure, cardiac output and central venous pressure all decrease, the pulse is rapid and weak, and symptoms of shock gradually appear, such as irritability, difficulty breathing, a weak pulse, cold and clammy skin, nausea and vomiting, and finally coma.

3. Prevention and treatment of hemorrhagic anemia: First stop the bleeding and give blood transfusion according to the cause of bleeding, and then treat the primary disease. Important treatment measures are to quickly transfuse whole blood, plasma, dextran and normal saline to replenish blood volume and rescue the shock state.

Patients with a history of chronic bleeding or whose original iron stores are low or even depleted should be given oral iron supplements 1-2 months after the bleeding stops to promote red blood cell production and replenish iron stores.

4. Auxiliary treatment of hemorrhagic anemia: After the acute phase, a high-protein diet rich in vitamins and trace elements should be given as soon as possible.

4. Aplastic Anemia

Aplastic anemia is anemia caused by decreased or insufficient (disordered) bone marrow hematopoietic function.

1. The cause of aplastic anemia: It is related to contact with certain harmful substances and taking certain drugs, such as benzene, arsenic, iodine amines, chloramphenicol and radiation. Some organic diseases such as tuberculosis, liver and kidney diseases, leukemia, etc., can often be complicated by aplastic anemia.

2. Symptoms of aplastic anemia: In addition to the general symptoms of anemia, patients with this type of anemia often have subcutaneous or mucosal bleeding, as well as chills and fever.

3. Prevention and treatment of aplastic anemia: The treatment of aplastic anemia is generally based on Chinese herbal medicine and testosterone, and adrenal cortical hormones and blood transfusions can also be used. If the therapeutic effect is not good, you can use other drugs such as nandrolone phenylpropionate, lithium carbonate, cobalt oxide, etc. to stimulate hematopoietic function, which has certain effects on some patients.

If it is still ineffective, consider splenectomy and continue conservative treatment after surgery. To prevent aplastic anemia, you should undergo regular physical examinations, seek medical treatment as soon as possible if there are any changes in your condition, do not abuse anti-inflammatory drugs, and promptly treat chronic diseases such as liver and kidney disease, tuberculosis, etc.

5. Hemolytic anemia

Hemolytic anemia refers to a type of anemia that occurs when red blood cell destruction is accelerated and bone marrow hematopoietic function is insufficient to compensate.

1. Causes of hemolytic anemia: According to the reasons for shortening the life span of red blood cells, it can be divided into hemolytic anemia caused by intrinsic defects of red blood cells. The causes are: one is the defect of red blood cell membrane; the second is the defect of hemoglobin structure or production; the third is the defect of red blood cell enzyme. Another is hemolytic anemia caused by extrinsic defects of red blood cells. The cause is usually acquired. Red blood cells may be damaged by chemical, mechanical or physical factors, biological and immunological factors, resulting in hemolysis. Hemolysis can occur intravascularly or extravascularly.

2. Symptoms of hemolytic anemia: The clinical manifestations of hemolytic anemia are related to the speed, degree and location of hemolysis. The first is acute hemolysis: the onset is rapid, and may be accompanied by sudden chills, high fever, pale complexion, back pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, irritability, and gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. The second is chronic hemolysis: the onset is relatively slow. In addition to the common symptoms and signs of general anemia such as fatigue, pallor, shortness of breath, and dizziness, there may be varying degrees of jaundice. Enlarged spleen and liver, and gallstones are more common complications, and obstructive jaundice may occur. Ulcers form on the skin of the ankles of the lower limbs and are difficult to heal, which is common in patients with sickle cell anemia.