Knowledge on prevention and control of epidemic hemorrhagic fever

1. What is hemorrhagic fever?

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (also known as epidemic hemorrhagic fever) is a natural epidemic disease caused by Hantavirus, with rodents as the main source of infection.

2. How is hemorrhagic fever transmitted?

Contact transmission

The skin is bitten by rats, or the injured skin or mucous membranes are contaminated by rat urine, feces, or saliva.

Dietary Communication

Rat secretions such as urine, feces, and saliva contaminate food and are eaten by humans.

Inhalation infection

Inhaling dust contaminated by urine, feces, saliva, etc. from mice carrying Hantavirus.

Spread by mites

Mites that live on the bodies or holes of virus-carrying mice can make people sick by biting healthy people.

Mother-to-child transmission

Hantavirus can be transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy.

3. What are the symptoms of hemorrhagic fever?

The initial symptoms of hemorrhagic fever are similar to those of a cold, including fever, body aches, nausea and vomiting. The typical manifestations are "three reds and three pains" (red face, neck, and chest, headache, back pain, and orbital pain). It can also cause systemic edema, oliguria, anuria, and even renal failure, which can be life-threatening in severe cases.

4. How to prevent hemorrhagic fever?

1. Pay attention to rat prevention and extermination in accommodation, living, study, work and restaurant places, clean the environment in time and reduce the hiding places of rats.

2. Food hygiene, tableware disinfection, food storage, etc. should be done well to prevent rodent excrement from contaminating food and tableware. Ultraviolet rays and ethanol have a killing effect on epidemic hemorrhagic fever viruses.

3. Strengthen personal protection and develop good hygiene habits. Do not play on the grass and avoid contact with rat feces and urine; expose bedding to the sun frequently to prevent the breeding of mites; wash hands before meals and after defecation; clear garbage every day and clean up leftovers in time; keep all kinds of food well to minimize the breeding conditions for rats; wear masks, hats and gloves when cleaning up dirt, debris and waste, and take good self-protection measures.

4. Vaccination against hemorrhagic fever is the most effective, simple and reliable method.