Popularization of scientific knowledge and knowledge on hospital infection

As a common and dangerous health problem, hospital infection has been a topic of great concern in recent years. This article aims to make everyone more aware of the dangers of hospital infection and provide effective prevention methods through popular science propaganda and knowledge dissemination. In the preface of this article, I will briefly introduce the definition and importance of hospital infection. Hospital infection refers to the disease that patients are infected in the hospital while receiving medical services. It not only increases the patient's pain and prolongs the hospital stay, but also may lead to further deterioration of the disease. Through the popular science propaganda and knowledge dissemination of this article, we hope to improve everyone's understanding of hospital infection, reduce the risk of infection for patients, and improve the quality of medical care.

1. Definition and classification of hospital infection

Nosocomial infection, also known as hospital-acquired infection, refers to an infection that occurs when a patient is receiving medical care. It mainly occurs in hospitalized patients, but it may also affect other medical staff and visitors. Nosocomial infections are mainly caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and other microorganisms, and usually occur after operations such as surgery, trauma, and catheterization. Nosocomial infections can be divided into several categories based on the site of infection and the cause of infection. The most common ones include bloodstream infections, respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, incision infections, and gastrointestinal infections. Bloodstream infections are usually caused by invasive operations such as catheters, respiratory tract infections mainly occur in patients using ventilators, and urinary tract infections are related to catheterization. Incision infections refer to infections on surgical wounds and are often related to improper wound care after surgery. Gastrointestinal infections are mainly caused by contaminated microorganisms in food and drinking water, and may also be spread by medical staff. For different types of nosocomial infections, we need to take different preventive measures to avoid the occurrence and spread of infection.

2. Causes and transmission routes of hospital infection

First, hospital infection is closely related to the environmental hygiene in hospitals. Hospitals are gathering places for pathogenic microorganisms, and poor environmental hygiene conditions can cause bacteria, viruses and other sources of infection to spread widely in hospitals. Secondly, hospital infection is also related to the behavior and operation of medical staff. Medical staff may come into contact with patients' body fluids, excrement, etc. at work. If they do not strictly abide by the operating standards such as hand washing and disinfection, the risk of infection will increase. In addition, medical staff may also become a source of infection and spread to patients directly or indirectly. Thirdly, the patient's own resistance is also an important factor in hospital infection. Due to the condition, the patient's immunity decreases, the body's resistance is weakened, and they are vulnerable to the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms. Finally, hospital infection is also related to the use of medical devices and drugs. Some medical devices may be contaminated. If they are not strictly disinfected and sterile, the risk of infection will increase. At the same time, the abuse and improper use of drugs can also lead to the aggravation and spread of infection.

3. Common symptoms and preventive measures of hospital infection

Nosocomial infection refers to a new infection caused by pathogens in patients during treatment or care in a medical institution. Its common symptoms are diverse, including fever, redness and swelling of wounds, and difficulty breathing. Fever is the most common symptom, especially after surgery or medical procedures such as the use of a catheter. In addition, physical weakness, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are also common symptoms of nosocomial infection. In order to prevent the occurrence of nosocomial infection, there are some important preventive measures that need to be taken. First, maintain good hygiene habits, such as washing hands frequently and keeping personal clean, especially washing hands in time after contact with wounds, excrement, or areas with more pathogens. Secondly, use antibiotics correctly, follow the doctor's instructions, and do not abuse or overuse them. In addition, the hospital environment should be disinfected and ventilated regularly to ensure air circulation and reduce the spread of infection. Finally, patients and their families should take personal protective measures, such as wearing masks and avoiding close contact with other patients.

IV. Treatment and control measures for hospital infection

First, strictly implement hand hygiene. Medical staff should wash their hands frequently, especially before and after contact with patients, after handling contaminated items, and before eating. Using appropriate hand sanitizer or disinfectant and correct hand washing techniques are basic measures to prevent cross infection. Secondly, strengthen instrument disinfection and sterilization. Medical devices should be effectively disinfected and sterilized before use. Strictly follow the standard operating procedures, select appropriate disinfectants and sterilization methods, and ensure thorough cleaning and disinfection of instruments. In addition, use antibiotics rationally. The abuse and irrational use of antibiotics can cause the generation and spread of drug-resistant bacteria. Hospitals should strictly implement the antibiotic use guidelines, reasonably select antibiotic types and doses, reduce the frequency and time of antibiotic use, and thus reduce the occurrence of drug-resistant bacteria. In addition, strengthen environmental cleaning and disinfection. Environmental cleaning in hospitals plays an important role in infection control. In addition to routine cleaning of the patient area, the air should be purified regularly, and medical equipment, floors, etc. should be regularly and thoroughly disinfected using effective disinfectants. Finally, strengthen infection monitoring and management. Hospitals should establish a sound infection monitoring system to conduct timely and accurate statistics and analysis of infection occurrences so that appropriate measures can be taken for management and prevention.

5. Popularization methods and effect evaluation of hospital infection

In order to improve the effect of popular science propaganda on hospital infection, it is necessary not only to choose appropriate propaganda methods, but also to evaluate the propaganda effect. First of all, the knowledge of hospital infection prevention can be conveyed to patients and their families through traditional methods such as making propaganda posters and brochures. At the same time, modern scientific and technological means can be used to spread popular science knowledge through social media, WeChat public accounts and other platforms to guide patients to actively obtain relevant information. In addition, regularly holding popular science lectures on hospital infection and providing popular science education and training courses can effectively improve the popular science awareness and knowledge level of patients and medical staff. In order to evaluate the propaganda effect, questionnaires, interviews and other methods can be used to understand the audience's awareness of hospital infection popular science propaganda and behavioral changes, and based on the evaluation results, the propaganda strategy can be continuously optimized to improve the effect of popular science propaganda.

Through the popular science propaganda and knowledge dissemination in this article, we have a deeper understanding of hospital infection. Hospital infection is a common but neglected problem, which brings additional health risks to patients. However, we have also seen the methods and measures for the prevention of hospital infection. As long as we pay attention to personal hygiene in daily life and follow the hospital rules and regulations, we can effectively prevent the occurrence of hospital infection. At the same time, the management of hospitals should also strengthen the standardization and improve the prevention and control awareness and ability of medical staff to reduce the occurrence of hospital infection. Thank you for reading this article. I hope that this article can let more people understand hospital infection, improve the awareness and vigilance of hospital infection, and contribute to the prevention and control of hospital infection. Let us work together to improve the quality of medical care and ensure the safety and health of patients.

Author: Tong Renping Lu County People's Hospital