Cerebrovascular disease is prevalent during the Spring Festival. How can we conduct self-monitoring and prevention?

Winter is the peak season for cerebrovascular diseases. When winter meets the Spring Festival, the probability of cerebrovascular diseases will be higher. The emergency department of the hospital has to treat many cerebrovascular patients every year during the Spring Festival holiday. To have a happy Spring Festival, you must first have a healthy Spring Festival. For middle-aged and elderly people, what should they pay attention to during the Spring Festival, and how to monitor themselves?

Based on past experience, we can summarize as follows:

1. Strengthen blood pressure monitoring : During the Spring Festival, staying up late, entertaining guests, etc. can easily cause fatigue and increase blood pressure, so the first thing to pay attention to is blood pressure monitoring. Especially for patients with hypertension in the past, they should pay more attention, otherwise the high blood pressure is prone to cerebral hemorrhage. Control target for patients with hypertension: ordinary hypertensive patients should reduce blood pressure to <140/90 mmHg; the systolic blood pressure of the elderly (≥65 years old) can be reduced to <150 mmHg according to specific circumstances; but if they can tolerate it, they should be further reduced.

2. Avoid high and low blood sugar: During the Spring Festival, there are many gatherings with friends and family, and overeating can easily increase blood sugar, especially for patients with diabetes. Don't forget to eat according to the amount during the Spring Festival. For normal adults, fasting blood sugar should be controlled below 6.1 mmol/L, 2 hours after a meal blood sugar should be controlled below 7.8 mmol/L, and glycosylated hemoglobin should be controlled below 6.5%. At the same time, you can't skip meals due to fatigue, otherwise it is easy to cause hypoglycemia coma.

3. Don’t drink excessively: During the Spring Festival, drinking is inevitable when entertaining relatives and friends, but it should not be excessive. The alcohol content of men’s daily drinking should not exceed 25g, and women should drink half of it.

4. Reduce fat intake: Eat less animal skin, internal organs, etc. to avoid increased blood lipids. The control targets for blood lipids vary among different populations. Please refer to the previous public account content.

5. Don’t eat too salty food: During the Spring Festival, people attend more gatherings, especially in restaurants, and it is easy to consume too much salt. When eating out, you should ask the chef to use less salt. The recommended salt intake for adults is ≤6 g/day, and potassium intake is >4.7 g/day.

6. Increase the intake of fruits and vegetables: For normal people, a low-salt, low-fat diet is not enough. You should also increase the intake of fruits and vegetables and eat more than 5 kinds of fruits and vegetables every day.

7. Appropriate physical exercise: Exercise can relieve stress and improve mood. If there are no contraindications, you should do at least 40 minutes of moderate or above intensity aerobic exercise (such as brisk walking, jogging, cycling, etc.) every day.

8. Don’t forget to take medicine: During the Spring Festival, because the rhythm of life is greatly different from usual, many people will forget to take medicine, which can easily cause cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. You can set an alarm to remind you to take medicine on time.

Finally, it should be remembered that once an accident occurs and cerebrovascular disease is suspected, the patient should be sent to the hospital for emergency treatment as soon as possible, because there is a time window for emergency treatment of cerebrovascular disease, and the treatment effect will be greatly reduced if the time exceeds a certain level.