With the coming of cold air, young people should also be alert to cerebral hemorrhage

Recently, with the arrival of strong cold air in various places, the number of patients with cerebral hemorrhage has increased significantly. In many people's impressions, cerebral hemorrhage seems to be a "patent" of the elderly, but in recent years, cerebral hemorrhage has become younger and younger. What is cerebral hemorrhage? Why do young people get cerebral hemorrhage? How to prevent and treat it? Today, let us unveil the mystery of cerebral hemorrhage.

Emotional excitement and strenuous exercise can easily induce

Cerebral hemorrhage refers to non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage, also known as hemorrhagic stroke. It is a common cerebrovascular disease and one of the main causes of death and disability among Chinese residents. Patients often suddenly develop the disease when they are emotionally excited, doing physical labor, or exercising vigorously, and the symptoms include headache, nausea, projectile vomiting, paralysis of one side of the limbs, and impaired consciousness. Once cerebral hemorrhage occurs, the patient may suffer from hemiplegia and aphasia at the mildest, or coma or even death at the worst.

Hypertension and cerebrovascular disease are important risk factors

Regardless of age, high blood pressure is one of the most important risk factors for cerebral hemorrhage. Long-term high blood pressure can cause vascular damage and arteriosclerosis, which in turn can lead to blood vessel rupture and cause cerebral hemorrhage. There is a case that impressed me: a 31-year-old young man was sent to the emergency room for emergency treatment due to sudden cerebral hemorrhage. When I arrived at the emergency room, I saw that the patient was fat and had high blood pressure. Generally speaking, when the weight exceeds 200 kilograms, various diseases will come to the door. For example, if you suffer from high blood pressure early, and it is often difficult to control high blood pressure, and because you are young and do not pay attention to it, the final destination of this group of people is likely to be fatal and disabling cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

For young people without a history of hypertension, sudden cerebral hemorrhage is mostly caused by cerebrovascular disease. For example, patients with congenital cerebrovascular disease such as cerebral vascular malformation have their normal artery-capillary-venous structure disappear, their hemodynamics change, and their blood vessel walls become thinner and easy to rupture, which can cause cerebral hemorrhage under the stimulation of external factors. In addition, rupture of cerebral aneurysm can also cause subarachnoid hemorrhage. One-third of such patients face death before they have the chance to be sent to the hospital. Therefore, once young people are found to have cerebrovascular disease, they should be treated as soon as possible.

Smoking and alcohol abuse can also have adverse effects on vascular health, increase the risk of atherosclerosis, and further cause cerebral hemorrhage. In addition, excessive stress from study, work, and life can put the body in a state of tension, which can easily lead to cerebrovascular accidents.

A healthy lifestyle is an important preventive measure

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is an important measure to prevent cerebral hemorrhage. A reasonable diet, moderate exercise, emotional regulation, smoking cessation and alcohol restriction, and avoiding excessive fatigue are all helpful in maintaining blood vessel health.

A reasonable diet can help prevent cerebrovascular diseases. It is recommended to consume more foods rich in fiber and vitamins, such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains, etc., and reduce the intake of high-fat and high-cholesterol foods.

Moderate exercise helps lower blood lipids and blood pressure, strengthen the heart and blood vessels, and enhance the body's immunity. It is recommended to do at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week, such as brisk walking, cycling, swimming, etc.

Mental health is also an important factor in preventing cerebral hemorrhage. We should learn to regulate emotions, reduce stress, and maintain a good attitude. How to maintain a balance in a fast-paced life and competitive pressure, "cultivating stillness in motion, and being open-minded" is a subject that requires our lifelong learning, not "lying down".
In addition, blood pressure and blood sugar should be monitored regularly, and active treatment should be given if hypertension and high blood sugar are found.

For patients in coma or hemiplegia, neuromodulation therapy can be used

Drug treatment. Take the medicine on time and in the right amount according to the doctor's advice to control the progression of the disease. Commonly used drugs include antihypertensive drugs, lipid-lowering drugs, etc.
Surgery. For patients with severe cerebral hemorrhage, surgical treatment is required. Surgical methods include craniotomy hematoma removal, minimally invasive puncture and drainage, etc. The specific surgical method needs to be determined by the doctor based on the condition.

Rehabilitation training. Under the guidance of a doctor, appropriate rehabilitation training is carried out to help restore body functions. Rehabilitation training includes limb function training, language rehabilitation training, etc.

Psychological support. Patients with cerebral hemorrhage are prone to psychological problems such as anxiety and depression, and should seek psychological support and treatment in a timely manner. Psychological support can help patients adjust their mentality and face the disease positively.

For patients who are already in a coma or hemiplegia, the most advanced medical technology currently available includes neuromodulation therapy, such as deep brain stimulation and spinal cord stimulation to awaken vegetative patients; and vagus nerve stimulation or healthy side C7 nerve transposition surgery to make hemiplegic limbs "under control" again.

Although there will be more inventions and surgical methods to treat cerebral hemorrhage and its sequelae in the future, for patients with cerebral hemorrhage, the principle is still that prevention is better than cure.

(The author is a member of the China Science Writers Association and an attending physician at the Department of Neurosurgery at the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University)