What are the common digestive tract tumors related to?

1. Gastric cancer

Gastric cancer is a common digestive tract tumor. Currently, about 1 million people are diagnosed with it every year in the world, and my country accounts for half of them. About one person dies from it every minute. Among all cancers, gastric cancer is most closely related to diet.

Infection with Helicobacter pylori: The infection rate in my country is 56%, and about 1% of infected people will develop gastric cancer. Helicobacter pylori is an important factor leading to gastric cancer; my country's unique eating habits are the main reason for the high infection rate. Separate dining and good hygiene habits are effective ways to prevent the spread of Helicobacter pylori.

Pickled, smoked, and high-salt foods: Pickled vegetables, smoked meats, and other pickled foods contain large amounts of nitrite and secondary amines, which, under the action of suitable acidity in the stomach or bacteria, can synthesize nitrosamine compounds, which are highly carcinogenic.

Processed foods: such as dried meat, biscuits, candied fruits, etc., often contain a large amount of nitrite and should not be consumed in excess.

Leftovers: Many people often eat leftovers to avoid waste. However, leftovers, even if reheated, can increase the risk of stomach cancer.

Moldy and spoiled food: Moldy is caused by contaminating molds, some of which are toxic fungi and are strong carcinogens. At the same time, some foods produce a large amount of nitrite and secondary amines under the action of toxic fungi. After entering the body, under certain conditions, the stomach can synthesize nitrosamine compounds and cause cancer.

Stimulation from tobacco and alcohol: They can stimulate changes in the gastric mucosa, causing erosion, ulcers, polyps, glandular atrophy, dysplasia, and subsequent canceration.

2. Colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor. In recent years, the global incidence has increased rapidly, with more than 1 million people suffering from the disease each year. In my country, the incidence rate can be said to be increasing rapidly, and the rate of increase far exceeds the international level.

From 2015 to 2016, there were approximately 380,000 new cases of colorectal cancer in my country, and approximately 190,000 patients died from colorectal cancer.

Eat too well, move too little: "Three highs and one low" diet structure, that is, high fat, high protein, high calories, low fiber. Surveys have found that the faster the economic development of a region, the higher the incidence of colorectal cancer. The reason is that as people's living standards improve, they eat too well and move too little. A high-fat, high-protein, low-fiber diet and lack of exercise are all risk factors for colorectal cancer.

Excessive consumption of pickled foods can lead to colorectal cancer.

Excessive smoking and drinking, long-term irregular meals, staying up late, stress, etc. can lead to gastrointestinal dysfunction and induce colorectal cancer.

It is very important that many people are unwilling to undergo digital rectal examination and colonoscopy, not knowing that the cure rate of early detection is over 90%, and 80% of colorectal cancer occurs in the rectum.

In order to maintain healthy eating habits in life, you should eat more foods rich in carbohydrates and crude fiber, such as sweet potatoes, corn, fruits, and fresh vegetables. These foods stay in the intestines for a short time, which is conducive to the elimination of intestinal toxins.

Try to eat less high-fat and high-protein foods, and avoid fruits, vegetables and foods that may spoil. At the same time, maintain a healthy lifestyle, increase exercise appropriately, have a regular pace of life, quit smoking and drinking, and control your weight.

3. Liver cancer

Viral infection: my country is a country with a high incidence of hepatitis B. Among the 1.3 billion population, there are more than 100 million people infected with the hepatitis B virus. A considerable number of these patients will eventually develop chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and finally cancer. Many hepatitis B patients do not have enough knowledge of the disease and do not manage it well. Not only do they not insist on taking antiviral drugs, they also do not do regular physical examinations, which leads to the development of liver cirrhosis and liver cancer, and it is too late to regret it.

Drinking: No matter how much you drink or what kind of alcohol you drink, it is harmful to the human body. Alcohol is very harmful to the liver. The liver function has a certain load. If the amount of alcohol you drink exceeds the load that the liver can bear, it will cause the liver load to increase and cause cirrhosis. If hepatitis B patients drink alcohol again, it will have a superimposed effect, and the damage to the liver can be imagined. Therefore, patients with hepatitis B and other viral hepatitis must avoid drinking, especially not drinking in the morning. This is because the liver is in a relatively tired state after a night of digestion, metabolism and absorption. Drinking at this time is the most harmful to the liver.

Fatty liver: Many recent studies have suggested that non-alcoholic fatty liver can also turn into cancer. Therefore, if you do not pay attention to a healthy lifestyle, you will develop fatty liver and then develop non-alcoholic fatty liver, which may turn into liver cancer. Fatty liver is usually caused by an unhealthy lifestyle. Therefore, this group of people should improve their lifestyle habits, such as drinking less alcohol, consuming less fat, and increasing exercise. Most fatty livers are reversible.

Moldy food: Aflatoxin in fungi is 75 times more carcinogenic than nitrosamines, and the shortest time required for cancer is 24 weeks. Moldy food must be thrown away and cannot be eaten by humans, livestock or poultry.

Animal and vegetable oils that have been stored for too long: Stale oils contain a chemical component called malondialdehyde, which can generate polymers and react with proteins and DNA in the human body, causing the protein structure to mutate, causing cells with mutated proteins to lose their normal functions and transform into early cancer cells. In addition, malondialdehyde polymers can hinder the replication of DNA and accelerate the aging process of humans.

Although China is a country with a high incidence of liver cancer, the proportion of patients diagnosed in the early stage does not exceed 20%, while in our neighboring country Japan, the proportion of liver cancer in the early stage accounts for more than 50% of all liver cancers. We hope that through our continuous efforts and strengthening of health education, more patients will understand their own conditions and pay attention to their lifestyles, thus preventing liver cancer from occurring.

4. Esophageal cancer

my country is the country with the most serious esophageal cancer, and the main factor is related to diet.

Nitrosamines and mold: Nitrosamines are closely related to esophageal cancer, and mold can enhance the carcinogenic effect of nitrosamines. Avoid eating overnight vegetables, rotten fruits, moldy grains, commercially available salted fish, salted meat and pickled vegetables, as well as fried, deep-fried and grilled foods. Pay attention to the source of drinking water, and prevent tap water from being contaminated.

Tobacco and alcohol: Smoking causes a wide range of cancers, including cancers of the digestive, respiratory, and urinary systems. Long-term and heavy drinking will inevitably lead to the intake of carcinogens. Some alcohol contains carcinogens such as nitrosamines and aflatoxin, as well as indirect carcinogens such as aldehydes and alcohols.

Malnutrition: Malnutrition is related to esophageal cancer. Protein deficiency can cause esophageal mucosal hyperplasia, which is prone to malignant transformation; fat deficiency can hinder the absorption of essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins, affecting health and reducing immune function. Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits. The former cannot replace the latter, because a large number of vitamins and trace elements are often destroyed during cooking. Drinking tea should be encouraged. Green tea can prevent cancer and is beneficial to cardiovascular diseases. However, it is not recommended to drink heavily. It should be consumed in small amounts and multiple times. Do not drink or drink with caution when you are pregnant, breastfeeding, have a fever, bleed, or have gastrointestinal diseases.

Deficiency of trace elements: Patients with esophageal cancer often lack trace elements such as iron, molybdenum, zinc, manganese, selenium and vitamins A, B2, and C. Aspirin can prevent this disease, so high-risk groups can supplement relevant trace elements, vitamins, and drugs for prevention under the guidance of a doctor.

Eating rough, overheated food, and eating too fast: Food over 65°C is listed as a carcinogenic factor by the WHO; food that is too hot, too rough, or eaten too quickly will prevent sufficient chewing of the food. Food with coarse particles and high temperature can easily damage the already fragile esophageal mucosal epithelium, causing it to rupture and deform over time, leading to cancer.

5. Pancreatic cancer

Genetic factors only account for 5%, while environmental factors account for 95%. The largest proportion of these factors is actually diet and obesity (30%-35%), and smoking and inflammation are also important causes.

Smoking: Long-term heavy smokers have a 2 to 2.5 times higher risk of pancreatic cancer than non-smokers, and the age of onset is also 10 to 15 years earlier.

Alcoholism and overeating: This can cause long-term irritation to the pancreas, leading to chronic pancreatic inflammation and inducing cancer.

High-sugar, high-fat, high-protein diet: Long-term excessive intake of sweets, sugary drinks, meat and other foods will stimulate the gastrointestinal tract to release certain hormones, increase the pancreas' sensitivity to carcinogens, and significantly increase the risk of pancreatic cancer.

Drinking too much coffee: Long-term and excessive coffee drinking can increase the risk of pancreatic cancer by 3 to 4 times.

Fried foods: The amino acids and proteins in these foods will break down into carcinogens when fried at high temperatures. Long-term intake is not good for pancreatic health.

Lack of exercise: Sitting for long periods of time and obesity are one of the main causes of pancreatic cancer; regular exercise helps promote food digestion and absorption and improve body metabolism.

Chemical factors: Long-term exposure to toxic chemicals such as naphthylamine and aniline can increase the risk of pancreatic cancer by 5 times!

Chronic inflammation: Diabetes and chronic pancreatitis may also induce cancer.