What is gynecological microbiology examination?

I believe that female friends are definitely more familiar with female secretion testing, because female secretion testing is a very common gynecological examination item. So how much do you know about female secretion examination? Below I will give you a detailed introduction to female secretion examination and tell you what the female secretion examination items and their significance are?

1. Examination of secretions

Female secretions are the fluid metabolized by the female urinary system, which we can also call secretions. A general characterization test is to observe the color and character of female secretions. But in fact, the examination of female secretions is a routine examination of leucorrhea.

Examination of female secretions is a common item in gynecological examinations. It mainly relies on five tests, namely, vaginal pH value, vaginal discharge cleanliness, vaginal microbial species, amine test, and Gardnerella test, to determine whether a woman has abnormal vaginal discharge. It is an examination related to women's physical health.

2. Characteristics of female secretion examination

Female secretions generally have the following characteristics.

1. Cover the inner wall of the vagina in a thin layer in a uniform manner.

2. PH value>4.5.

3. Amine test is positive. That is, after mixing female secretions with a certain concentration of salt water, 1-2 drops of 10% KOH are added to produce amines, which will release a fishy smell.

4. Positive for Gardnerella. After mixing female secretions with saline and smearing, it can be seen that there are a large number of vaginal bacteria (mainly Gardnerella positive) on the surface of vaginal squamous epithelial cells, which make the vaginal squamous epithelial cells granular in appearance and the cell boundaries are blurred. The diagnosis can be confirmed if 3 of the above 4 items are present.

3. Inspection Purpose

It has certain application value in the diagnosis of female urinary tract infections, tumors, determination of estrogen levels and STD, etc. By examining female secretions, it is possible to determine whether there is inflammation in the vagina and to further diagnose the cause of the inflammation.

When the cleanliness reaches level III or IV, in most cases it can be diagnosed as Trichomonas vaginitis, such as bacterial vaginitis, Candidal vaginitis, and fungal vaginitis, providing a direct basis for the treatment of inflammation. Simple increased uncleanliness is common in nonspecific vaginitis. If vaginal fungi are found during the examination, it can be diagnosed as candidal vaginitis or Trichomonas infection.

When fungi are found in the vagina, it can be used as a basis for the diagnosis of fungal vaginitis. In addition, the vaginal smear can also be detected after special coloring, including Chlamydia, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and diphtheroids, providing a basis for diagnosing related diseases.