The dangers of smoking in patients with diabetes

What are the “harms” of smoking for diabetics?

Smoking is harmful to health. Smoking is not only an important risk factor for cancer, respiratory system and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, but also closely related to the occurrence and development of diabetes and its complications. The risk of diabetes in urban male smokers is 1.18 times that of non-smokers, and the younger the age of smoking and the more smoking, the higher the risk of diabetes. Smoking is an independent risk factor for elevated glycosylated hemoglobin. For every 20 packs/year increase in the number of cigarettes smoked, glycosylated hemoglobin increases by 0.12%. Parental smoking (passive smoking) increases the risk of obesity and insulin resistance in children and adolescents. Smoking also increases the risk of various complications of diabetes, especially macrovascular disease. Smoking can increase the risk of all-cause mortality in diabetic patients by 48%, the risk of coronary heart disease by 54%, the risk of stroke by 44%, and the risk of myocardial infarction by 52%. Smoking can also damage the glomeruli and increase the occurrence of urinary protein and diabetic nephropathy.