What does HPV 1 mean?

There must be many people who have never heard of HPN? What does HPV stand for? Many people don't know much about this aspect, so let's take a look at what HPV examination items are needed, what are the low-risk HPV infections? How to treat and prevent HPV? What does HPV 1 mean? Let's learn about it together below.

What does HPV mean?

HPV is the abbreviation of human papillomavirus infection. Human papilloma is a common virus that causes hyperplasia of human integumentary tissue. It is mainly transmitted through sexual contact. It can cause various warts and verrucous hyperplasia on the body surface and is also related to the occurrence of cancer. Genital warts among sexually transmitted diseases are caused by infection with HPV. Many bulges of different sizes grow on the skin of the vagina, glans penis and anus. The texture is hard and there is obvious dull pain. It is also difficult to treat and prone to recurrence.

Inspection items

1. Histopathological changes

The skin shows papilloma-like hyperplasia and acanthosis. The surface layer has slight hyperkeratosis and incomplete keratinization. Vacuolated somatic cells can be seen in the spinous cells and granular layer. The somatic cell body is very large, with a ring-shaped dark-stained nucleus, perinuclear vacuolation and light-stained, and flocs between the nuclear membrane and the serosa, making the somatic cells appear like a cat's eye movie. Vacuolated somatic cells are a characteristic feature of condyloma acuminatum, and are more prominent in the middle and top layers of spinous cells. There is a moderate density of perivascular infiltration in the superficial dermis, dominated by reticulocytes, and plasma cell infiltration can also be seen. The capillaries in the dermal papilla dilate, and the papilla becomes wider and extends upward.

2. Acetobacterial test

Wrap or apply gauze soaked in 3% to 5% acetic acid solution on the abnormal skin or mucous membrane surface and tear it off after 3 to 5 minutes. Typical lesions of condyloma acuminatum will show white papules or wart-like substances, while subclinical infection will show white macules or black spots. The acetowhite test is an effective method for distinguishing early-stage condyloma acuminatum damage and subclinical infection.

It is a very effective method for detecting subclinical infections that do not show changes visible to the human eye. The acetowhite test is effective and should be used as a routine physical examination method for patients with condyloma acuminatum. It is helpful to determine the extent of the disease and provide guidance for treatment. However, the acetowhite test is not a specific test and may show positive results in squamous epithelial cell hyperplasia or epithelial cells that have just healed after trauma.

3. Colposcopy

Colposcopy is mainly used to observe part of the mucous membrane inside the cervix and vagina. It is a relatively special high-power magnifying glass. It can be used to examine the epithelial cells outside the vagina, that is, the vaginal epithelium. Colposcopy will magnify the cervical lesions by 20 to 40 times, which is conducive to the early detection of subclinical infections of cervical epithelial cells and cancerous changes. It is of great help in early diagnosis.

Applying gauze soaked in 3% to 5% acetic acid solution to the cervix for 3 minutes followed by colposcopy will help detect subclinical infection of hPV. For white patches or black spots with clear blood vessels, further sampling should be done for histopathological examination. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) can be divided into three grades.