Glucose tolerance test time for pregnant women

After pregnancy, women are prone to gestational diabetes. In order to avoid the occurrence of this disease, pregnant mothers need to undergo a glucose tolerance test. However, the glucose tolerance test cannot be performed at any time. It is best to perform the test between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy. Because blood needs to be drawn, pregnant women need to stay on an empty stomach and cannot eat breakfast before the examination, but they can drink a small amount of boiled water.

All pregnant women between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation should undergo a glucose screening test.

1. Fasting blood glucose measurement (FDG)

FDG ≥ 5.1mmol/L can directly diagnose GDM without the need for an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT); FDG < 4.4mmol/L, the possibility of GDM is extremely small and an OGTT may be temporarily avoided. When FDG is ≥4.4mmol/L and <5.1mmol/L, OGTT should be performed as soon as possible.

2. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)

At present, my country uses OGTT with 75g of glucose to diagnose diabetes. Diagnostic criteria: fasting for at least 8 hours. During the examination, 300 ml of liquid containing 75 g of glucose was taken orally within 5 minutes, and the blood sugar levels of the pregnant women were measured before taking the sugar and 1 and 2 hours after taking the sugar. The three blood sugar values ​​should be lower than 5.1mmol/L, 10.0mmol/L, and 8.5mmol/L (92mg/dL, 180mg/dL, and 153mg/dL), respectively. GDM can be diagnosed if any blood sugar value reaches or exceeds the above standards.

Clinical manifestations

Gestational diabetes usually does not have obvious symptoms of "three mores and one less" (drinking more, eating more, urinating more, and weight loss).

Vulvar pruritus, recurrent Candida infections.

During pregnancy, it was found that the fetus was too large and there was too much amniotic fluid.

Anyone with a family history of diabetes, pre-pregnancy weight ≥ 90kg, maternal birth weight ≥ 4000g, a history of polycystic ovary syndrome, unexplained miscarriage, stillbirth, macrosomia or malformed baby, or an enlarged fetus or excessive amniotic fluid in this pregnancy should be alert to diabetes.

(1) Patients with diabetes should determine the severity of diabetes before pregnancy. If women with grade D, F, or R diabetes become pregnant, the risks to both mother and child are high, so they should use contraception and avoid pregnancy. If pregnancy has already occurred, it should be terminated as soon as possible.

(2) For patients with mild organic lesions and good blood sugar control, pregnancy can be continued under active treatment and close monitoring.

(3) Starting from before pregnancy, strictly control blood sugar levels with the assistance of an internist to ensure that blood sugar levels are within the normal range before conception, during pregnancy and delivery.