50-year-old amenorrhea, menstruation resumes after one year

After menopause, women's various metabolic functions generally decline, their reproductive organs shrink, their uterus and ovaries become smaller and harder, their surfaces become smooth, and their vaginal mucosa becomes softer and loses its elasticity. These are all normal physiological phenomena, but some women experience vaginal bleeding after a period of normal menopause. The reasons can be seen in the following situations:

1. After menopause, the uterine wall shrinks because it can no longer receive the support of estrogen secreted by the ovaries. However, for some women, the uterine wall is still stimulated by a small amount of estrogen secreted by the kidneys after menopause, causing the uterine wall to grow and lead to abnormal uterine bleeding. This condition can be finally diagnosed by diagnostic curettage.

2. Some women usually suffer from severe cervical erosion and cervical cysts, so they may bleed after having sex.

3. Elderly vaginitis

The main characteristics are increased leucorrhea, which is stubborn and has an odor. The main reason is that due to ovarian decline and low estrogen levels, the glycogen in the vaginal epithelial cells depletes, the female secretions decrease and become alkaline, which weakens the resistance of the female vagina and eventually causes infection and leads to senile vaginal infection. If a gynecological internal examination is performed, it can be found that the vaginal mucosa is shrunk and softened, and scattered blood spots and surface ulcers can be seen in the vaginal mucosa.

4. Endometritis

The main clinical symptoms are excessive leucorrhea and bleeding. The uterine wall of postmenopausal women shrinks and softens due to the loss of the effect of estrogen, and the surface epithelial cells fall off in chunks, coupled with cervical and endometrial inflammation. If a gynecological examination is performed, it can be seen that the uterus is enlarged and tender, sometimes accompanied by fever.

5. Cervical cancer

The main clinical symptoms are irregular bleeding, bloody leucorrhea and irregular vaginal bleeding.

6. Endometrial cancer

The clinical symptoms are irregular small or moderate vaginal bleeding or bloody leucorrhea before and after menopause. Gynecological examination: The uterus did not appear to be shrunken, but rather round and hard, and there were no abnormal changes in the cervix.

7. Ovarian cancer

Because the tumor produces a lot of estrogen, the already shrunken uterine wall is affected by the estrogen and proliferates, causing vaginal bleeding. Gynecological examination: actual hard lumps can be felt on one or both sides of the lower abdomen. They vary in size, generally medium in size, and some may have cystic changes.

For patients with postmenopausal vaginal bleeding, the amount and characteristics of bleeding, the duration of bleeding, the length of amenorrhea, whether there is a mass in the pelvis, and other symptoms should be fully understood first, and then a vaginal blood cell test should be performed when necessary to establish a diagnosis as soon as possible so as to promptly provide medication for treatment.