How should ovarian cysts be treated?

The ovaries are a very important part of the female body. Some women often develop ovarian cysts due to menstrual disorders, depression, and poor living habits. Ovarian cysts that are less than 5 cm in diameter generally do not require surgical treatment. And if the cyst is larger than 5 cm, the doctor recommends. Surgical removal must be performed. Let’s take a look at the surgical treatments for ovarian cysts.

Surgical treatment of ovarian cysts

Adequate preparation must be made before surgery on ovarian cysts, including improvement of the patient's general condition, choice of anesthesia, instruments and related medications, and emergency measures. The method, scope, and specific operation of the surgery will depend on the patient's age and the nature, size, unilateral or bilateral growth of the tumor, and whether there are adhesions or malignant metastases. For some cases that cannot be determined, a biopsy of the diseased tissue can be taken before surgery.

Surgical treatment of benign ovarian cysts:

① Ovarian cystectomy: Most of these patients have no menstrual disorders, and some even have complicated pregnancy. If the tumor is more obvious on one side, a salpingo-oophorectomy on the affected side can be performed.

②Salpingo-oophorectomy

Unilateral ovarian cysts occurring in older patients (over 45 years old) and bilateral ovarian cysts are usually treated with unilateral or bilateral oophorectomy. Patients who are not fit for surgery due to their general condition or who have severe inflammation often undergo total hysterectomy. It is worth noting that in the surgical treatment of larger ovarian cysts, the size of the incision should be disregarded and complete resection is appropriate to avoid rupturing the patient's pulse and allowing the contents to spill into the abdominal cavity or incision. During the operation, attention should be paid to the patient's pulse, breathing, and blood pressure changes. When necessary, the infusion or blood transfusion, oxygen supply should be accelerated. Early detection of acute gastric dilatation, paralytic intestinal obstruction, and the resulting water and electrolyte imbalance and blood chemistry changes should also be prevented.

③ Resection of the adnexa and the entire hysterectomy

If unilateral or bilateral ovarian cysts occur in women who are near menopause or menopause and the patient's general condition is not adequate for treatment, bilateral adnexectomy and total hysterectomy are appropriate, but this will seriously affect endocrine disorders.