What are the reasons why women cannot have children?

Getting married and having children are big events in a woman's life, but facing infertility is a very painful thing. There are many reasons why women cannot have children, such as uterine reasons, ovarian reasons, ovulation reasons, etc. This requires relevant examinations and diagnoses to identify the causes of infertility and to provide symptomatic treatment.

1. Vaginal factors: Congenital factors such as vaginal occlusion or vaginal septum cause sexual intercourse disorders or difficulties, thereby affecting the entry of sperm into the female reproductive tract. Vaginitis caused by infections such as fungi, Trichomonas, and gonococci changes the biochemical environment of the vagina, reduces sperm motility and survival, and thus affects the chance of conception.

2. Cervical factors: cervical stenosis, polyps, tumors, adhesions, etc. can all affect the passage of sperm; cervical erosion, its inflammatory exudate has a spermicidal effect; the presence of anti-sperm antibodies in cervical mucus is not conducive to sperm penetration of the cervical canal or completely makes the sperm lose its ability to move. Among them, it is worth noting that cervical adhesions caused by artificial abortion before marriage, especially repeated abortions are more likely to cause this serious complication, which keeps sperm out of the cervical opening. Congenital abnormalities of the cervical canal are often accompanied by abnormal menstruation or dysmenorrhea, and girls will go to the hospital for examination after their menarche.

3. Uterine factors: Congenital absence of uterus, immature uterus, solid uterus without uterine cavity and other developmental abnormalities will affect women's fertility. Retroverted or severely retroflexed uterus, endometrial inflammation, and intrauterine adhesions are all causes of infertility. Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumors in women. The infertility rate of patients with uterine fibroids can reach 30-40%, which is much higher than the infertility rate of the general population.

4. Fallopian tube factors: The fallopian tube is too long or narrow, and inflammation of the fallopian tube causes blockage of the lumen, water accumulation or adhesion, which will hinder the movement of sperm, eggs or fertilized eggs. Fallopian tube disease can account for 25% of female infertility and is an important cause of infertility. Diseases that cause inflammation include tuberculosis, endometriosis, trichomoniasis, gonorrhea and other pathogenic bacteria infections. Blocked fallopian tubes can be reopened through hydrotubation and microsurgery, or the "test tube baby" (in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer) technology can be used to help patients get pregnant.

5. Ovarian factors: Incomplete development of ovarian follicles, inability to ovulate and form corpus luteum, premature ovarian failure, polycystic ovaries, ovarian tumors and other factors that affect follicle development or egg discharge can cause infertility.

6. Endocrine factors: When the hypothalamus is not fully developed or the maturation of the hypothalamic cycle center is delayed, the regulation between the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis is imperfect, thus manifesting as anovulatory menstruation, amenorrhea or corpus luteum dysfunction, which are possible causes of infertility.