Symptoms of the luteal phase, let you understand professional physiological knowledge

Women will show a series of symptoms during the luteal phase, but everyone's physical condition is different and the duration is different, so the symptoms vary greatly. When making judgments, we cannot generalize but must combine the actual situation.

1. After ovulation, the follicular fluid flows out, the pressure in the follicular cavity drops, the follicular wall collapses, and many wrinkles are formed. The granulosa cells and endometrial cells of the follicular wall invade inward and are surrounded by the follicular outer membrane of connective tissue to form a corpus luteum.

2. Under the action of the ovulation peak of LH (luteinizing hormone), the granulosa cells and theca cells of the follicle are further luteinized to form granulosa-lutein cells and theca-lutein cells respectively. Both types of corpus luteum cells contain carotene, and the amount of this pigment determines the depth of the color of the corpus luteum.

3. 7-8 days after ovulation (equivalent to around the 22nd day of the menstrual cycle), the volume and function of the corpus luteum reach its peak, with a diameter of 1-2 cm and a yellow appearance. The establishment of normal corpus luteum function requires ideal preovulatory follicle development, FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) stimulation and a certain level of continuous LH (luteinizing hormone) maintenance.

4. If the discharged egg is fertilized, the corpus luteum will enlarge under the action of hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) secreted by the embryonic trophoblast cells, and transform into a corpus luteum of pregnancy, which will only degenerate at the end of the third month of pregnancy. The placenta then forms and secretes steroid hormones to maintain pregnancy.

5. If the egg is not fertilized, the corpus luteum begins to degenerate 9-10 days after ovulation, and its function is limited to 14 days. When the corpus luteum degenerates, the luteal cells gradually shrink and become smaller, and the surrounding connective tissue and fibroblasts invade the corpus luteum and are gradually replaced by connective tissue. The tissue becomes fibrotic and white in appearance, which is called the corpus albicans. After the corpus luteum declines, menstruation occurs, new follicles develop in the ovaries, and a new menstrual cycle begins.