What causes PCOS? One look and you'll know

Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the common gynecological diseases in women. As the number of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome increases, people are paying more and more attention to this disease. So what are the causes of polycystic ovary syndrome?

1. Hypothalamic pituitary dysfunction

PCOS patients have high LH values ​​and normal or low FSH values, so the LH/FSH ratio is greater than 3. LH's response to the synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) increases. Therefore, hypothalamic pituitary dysfunction is considered to be the initiating factor of this syndrome, which leads to abnormal synthesis of steroid hormones by the ovaries and causes chronic anovulation.

2. Abnormal adrenal cortex function

Some PCOS patients have increased adrenal androgen secretion, which may be due to the dysregulation of the adrenal cortex P450c17 enzyme complex, resulting in enzyme blockade in the biosynthesis of steroid hormones from 17-hydroxyprogesterone to estrone.

3. High prolactin

About 20* to 30* of PCOS patients have hyperprolactinemia. Some people believe that PRL can stimulate adrenal cortical cells to secrete androgens because there are PRL receptors on the adrenal cortical cell membrane. This is an important cause of polycystic ovary syndrome in women.

4. Abnormal ovarian local autocrine and paracrine regulation mechanisms

At present, most scholars have inferred that there are certain substances in the follicles of PCOS patients, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor a (TGFa) and inhibin, which inhibit the sensitivity of granulosa cells to FSH and increase their own FSH threshold, thereby hindering the selection and further development of dominant follicles.

5. Genetic factors

This is one of the causes of polycystic ovary syndrome. Some people believe that PCOS is a genetic disease, possibly in a sex-linked dominant manner. Most patients have a normal 46,XX karyotype. Chromosomal abnormalities are manifested as X chromosome long arm deletion and X chromosome number and structural abnormalities in mosaicism.