The formation of ovarian tumors is mainly related to these factors

Ovarian tumor is a common disease among women. In recent years, the incidence and mortality rates have remained high, posing a serious threat to women's health. In addition to subjective factors, objective factors also have a great influence on the formation of ovarian tumors, such as environmental influences. To prevent ovarian disease, we must first understand the cause. So what are the causes of ovarian cancer?

1. Genetic and family factors

Possible genetic factors of human ovarian tumors. It has been found that many people with primary tumors in other parts of the body (especially breast cancer) are associated with ovarian cancer. Tumorigenesis has innate factors, possibly due to immune dysfunction. A tendency to develop mesothelioma, breast cancer, or ovarian cancer has been reported in several families. 20%~25% of patients with ovarian malignant tumors have a family history, and 5%~14% of women with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome develop ovarian tumors.

2. Environmental factors

The high incidence of ovarian cancer in industrially developed countries may be related to high-cholesterol diet and industrial pollution.

3. Endocrine factors

The average number of pregnancies among ovarian cancer patients is low, and the disease is more common in non-pregnant women, indicating that pregnancy may protect women from or reduce the risk of ovarian cancer because cessation of ovulation during pregnancy can reduce ovarian epithelial damage. This is also illustrated by the fact that ovarian cancer often occurs in women who have had few pregnancies or are nulliparous.

4. Relationship between ovulation and cancer

Malnutrition can reduce the number of ovulations. In fact, ovulation is an important carcinogenic factor. Cyclic ovulation repeatedly causes damage and stimulation to the ovarian mesothelium, and also lacks a persistent physiological recovery period. This may explain why the ovarian mesothelium has a tendency to malignant transformation compared with the peritoneum. Ovulation also causes defects and unevenness on the ovarian surface, which can easily lead to the formation of ovarian mesothelial closed cysts, causing carcinogenic factors to accumulate and remain in them for a long time and attach to the mesothelium.

5. Gonadotropin stimulation

The highest incidence of ovarian tumors is related to the increase in gonadotropin in women before and after menopause. This state can last for at least 25 years after menopause. Continuous stimulation of the ovarian stroma by gonadotropin promotes the proliferation and activation of the stroma, resulting in persistent estrogen secretion. The proliferation of ovarian fibers caused by gonadotropin stimulation and the proliferation of ovarian epithelium caused by secondary estrogen stimulation combine to form fibroadenoma.

6. Immune dysfunction

The incidence of malignant tumors in patients with congenital immunodeficiency is 10,000 times higher than in the control group. The incidence of ovarian cancer is significantly increased in women who are immunosuppressed due to tissue transplantation or chemotherapy for other tumors. Due to the immune dysfunction associated with the aging process, the incidence of ovarian cancer increases in women more than 5 years after menopause.