What are the methods to relieve primary dysmenorrhea?

Dysmenorrhea is a common disease among women. It is very harmful to women's bodies. Once it occurs, women will suffer from unbearable pain and even become irritable. They may even feel lonely during their menstrual period. If we can master the methods to relieve dysmenorrhea, we can get good treatment. Let's take a look at the methods to relieve primary dysmenorrhea.

What are the methods to relieve primary dysmenorrhea?

1. General treatment First of all, necessary explanation should be given to patients with dysmenorrhea, which is especially important for adolescent girls. Explain the relevant basic physiological knowledge, clarify that "menstruation" is a normal physiological phenomenon, and help patients dispel their concerns and build confidence. When you have dysmenorrhea, you can rest in bed or apply hot compress to your lower abdomen. Pay attention to menstrual hygiene. You can also take general non-specific analgesics, such as salicylates, which have the effect of reducing fever and relieving pain.

2. Oral contraceptives are suitable for patients with dysmenorrhea who need to take contraceptive measures. Since the 1960s, a large number of research observations have confirmed that oral contraceptives can effectively treat primary dysmenorrhea, completely relieving pain in 50% of patients and significantly reducing pain in 40%. Oral contraceptives can inhibit endometrial growth, reduce blood levels of prostaglandins, vasopressin and oxytocin (oxytocin), and inhibit uterine activity.

In women with primary dysmenorrhea, increased uterine activity is partly due to an imbalance of ovarian hormones, which may be caused by increased estrogen levels during the luteal phase and premenstrual period. Estrogen can stimulate the synthesis and release of PGF2a and vasopressin. Oral contraceptives may suppress uterine activity by changing the imbalance of ovarian hormones. It was once believed that progesterone activity was an important factor in the treatment of dysmenorrhea. However, recent studies have confirmed that various estrogen-progestin combined contraceptives can reduce the occurrence and severity of dysmenorrhea, with no significant difference in the effects.

3. Prostaglandin synthase inhibitors For patients with primary dysmenorrhea who do not need to seek contraceptive measures or who are not well responded to oral contraceptives, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can be used. They are prostaglandin synthase inhibitors that block the cyclooxygenase pathway, inhibit PG synthesis, reduce uterine tension and contractility, and achieve the effect of treating dysmenorrhea. Since the 1970s, it has been widely used to treat primary dysmenorrhea due to its good effect (effectiveness 60% to 90%), simple menstrual medication for 2 to 3 days, and few side effects. NSAIDs can not only relieve pain, but also relieve related symptoms; such as nausea, vomiting, headache, diarrhea, etc. Side effects are generally mild, uncommon, and generally well tolerated. The main symptoms are gastrointestinal and central nervous system symptoms, such as indigestion, nausea, anorexia, heartburn, diarrhea, constipation, headache, dizziness, irritability, and drowsiness; more serious side effects include: skin reactions, bronchospasm, temporary renal impairment, etc., which are very rare

Generally, the medication is started after the onset of menstruation and pain, and is taken for 2 to 3 days in a row. This is because prostaglandins are released most in the first 48 hours of menstruation. The purpose of continuous medication is to correct the biochemical imbalance of excessive synthesis and release of PG in menstrual blood. If the drug is not given continuously in the first 48 hours, but is given intermittently when pain occurs, it will be difficult to control the pain. The effects of premenstrual prophylaxis are similar to those of postmenstrual prophylaxis. If there is still a certain degree of pain within the first few hours after starting to take the medicine, it means that the first dose of the next cycle should be doubled, but the maintenance dose remains unchanged.

Preventive Care

1. Usually regulate your emotions, be optimistic and open-minded, and keep a good mood. Eliminate premenstrual fear, learn physiological hygiene knowledge, and treat menstruation correctly.

2. Pay attention to health care during menstruation and after childbirth. Avoid raw and cold food before and during menstruation, be careful in your daily life, do not swim or wade in water to prevent the invasion of cold evil, keep the vulva clean, and change the paper pad frequently.

3. Be moderate in sexual intercourse, pay attention to contraception, and strictly prohibit sexual intercourse during menstruation.

Being able to master the methods to relieve dysmenorrhea is of great help to women's physical health. The above is an introduction to the methods to relieve primary dysmenorrhea. After understanding it, we know that if we want to better treat dysmenorrhea, we should not take drugs blindly. We should also pay attention to maintaining good living habits and a happy mood in daily life.