How to treat radiotherapy cystitis

When some malignant tumors appear, radiotherapy is still a very common treatment method, especially for various organs near the bladder such as the pelvis or uterus. When tumors need radiotherapy, the stimulation and damage to the bladder are also great. At this time, radiotherapy cystitis will occur. In the face of the occurrence of this disease, it is still necessary to treat it in time and correctly. So how to treat radiotherapy cystitis?

During radiotherapy for pelvic tumors and cervical cancer, the bladder is one of the organs that is inevitably irradiated. Although the radiosensitivity of the bladder mucosa is lower than that of the intestinal mucosa, radiation cystitis is still inevitable after high-dose irradiation, with an incidence rate of 2.48% to 5.6%. The occurrence of radiation cystitis is related to the total radiation dose, radiotherapy technique and individual differences in radiosensitivity. The advancement of radiotherapy technology does not change the anatomical relationship between the lesions and the bladder and rectum during the treatment of uterine cancer; if the lesions are irradiated sufficiently, they will definitely affect the adjacent organs.

For mild and moderate acute radiation cystitis, conservative treatment is mainly used, such as antibiotics for anti-inflammatory, hemostasis and symptomatic treatment to relieve bladder irritation symptoms. Drugs can be used systemically in a manner similar to that used for general cystitis. Commonly used topical treatments include:

(1) Drug bladder irrigation. Benzocaine 0.3g, belladonna tincture 0.5g, gentamicin 120,000U, dexamethasone 1.5mg, add normal saline to 30ml, and instill into the bladder twice a day.

(2) Inject 50 ml of 2% benzocaine through the catheter, retain it for 5 minutes and then release it. Inject 150-200 ml of 4% formaldehyde solution (the amount can be adjusted according to the bladder capacity) and retain it for 1 minute before releasing it. Then inject 200 ml of 50% alcohol and rinse twice. This method is mainly used to treat hemorrhagic cystitis.

(3) Bladder instillation of alum solution. Alum solution is an astringent that is not absorbed by the body. It can precipitate proteins on the bleeding surface, reduce cell membrane permeability, and harden the adhesive substance of capillary endothelial cells, thereby slowing down the flow of plasma proteins in the capillaries, reducing local tissue edema, inflammation and exudation and stopping bleeding.

Subacute ulcers are first treated conservatively, the same as in the acute stage. Those who have lost a lot of blood need to receive fresh blood transfusions to improve their overall condition. In the chronic stage, reduced bladder capacity, bladder wall sclerosis, and urinary tract stenosis can lead to hydronephrosis, and in severe cases, uremia can be induced, and surgical treatment needs to be considered.

Through the above introduction, everyone is very clear about how to treat radiotherapy cystitis. It can be said that there will be great side effects after radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Not only will it cause radiotherapy cystitis, but it will also cause other harm to physical health. In short, we must make adequate preparations and try to avoid the occurrence of these hidden dangers.