What is the situation of two plus leucorrhea epithelial cells

Now that living conditions have improved, medical facilities and medical technology have become more and more mature, so many women will consider their own health and do a comprehensive gynecological examination every once in a while. This is very necessary. Especially women who have sexual life are very prone to gynecological diseases. One of the test results is leucorrhea epithelial cells. Next, let me tell you what the two pluses mean in leucorrhea epithelial cells.

The formation of leucorrhea is caused by the influence of large amounts of estrogen secreted by the ovaries after development. Leucorrhea is a mixture of vaginal mucosal exudate, cervical glands and endometrial gland secretions. It contains vaginal epithelial exfoliated cells, white blood cells, and lactobacilli; these are generally referred to as leucorrhea in medicine. " Leucorrhea is rich in glycogen, which produces a large amount of lactic acid under the action of vaginal lactobacilli. Under normal circumstances, the female vagina is acidic (PH4-5), which can inhibit the growth of various pathogenic bacteria and form a normal ecological balance between the flora. This natural physiological effect is called the self-purification function of the vagina. Normal vaginal secretions are acidic, with many vaginal lactobacilli (most of which are indicated by a plus sign, ++++, which is the healthiest and normal. Sometimes it is also marked with positive), many flaky epithelial cells, and few white blood cells and even fewer cocci. However, when the human body's immunity is low, endocrine hormones change, or external factors such as tissue damage and sexual intercourse destroy the ecological balance of the vagina, these resident flora will become pathogenic bacteria, break through the vaginal barrier and cause infection. Pathogenic organisms can take the opportunity to enter, so routine examinations of leucorrhea include cleanliness inspections, parasite inspections, clue cell and bacterial inspections.

How to collect samples

Usually, doctors use a sterile cotton swab to collect secretions from the posterior fornix of the vagina and put them into a test tube with 1-2 ml of normal saline. Or they insert a glass pipette into the posterior fornix to absorb the secretions, make a thin slice, and send it for examination immediately. You can also use a speculum to dilate the vagina and then scrape the secretions from the cervix for smear. A complete routine leucorrhea test list includes the following six test items: (1) pH value (2) vaginal cleanliness (3) fungi (4) trichomonas (5) amine test (6) clue cells. However, some hospitals have simplified it into four tests: vaginal cleanliness, fungus, Trichomonas, and clue cells (these four tests are enough to illustrate the problem).

Cocci (-) Grade II: Under the microscope, vaginal epithelial cells (2+), a small number of white blood cells, some vaginal bacilli (2+), and a small number of miscellaneous bacteria or pus cells are seen. Grade III: A small amount of vaginal lactobacilli (-) and a large number of pus cells and miscellaneous bacteria (2+) are seen under the microscope. Grade IV: No vaginal bacilli are seen under the microscope (—), except for a small amount of epithelial cells (—), and mainly pus cells and miscellaneous bacteria (4-).

Grades I to II are normal, grades III to IV are abnormal leucorrhea. Pathogens, vaginal fungi or Trichomonas can be seen in both, indicating vaginal inflammation.

I have already told you what the two pluses in the leucorrhea epithelial cells mean. It is a very correct practice to check once in a while so that you can detect any abnormalities in your body in time. Such timely detection can also help to find out the cause and provide treatment in time. Women are always a vulnerable group and a group that needs to be protected. They are physically fragile, so they need to be extra careful.