Vagina anatomy

Private parts: refers to the female reproductive organs, which are the exposed part of the female reproductive organs. Includes: mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, vaginal vestibule, Bartholin's glands, vestibular bulbs, urethral orifice, vulva and vaginal valves. Its upper boundary is the mons pubis, its lower boundary is the perineum, and its two sides are located on the inner sides of the thighs.

Vulva structure

Mons pubis

The mons pubis is the part of the private part that protrudes in front of the ischial tuberosity and is composed of skin and a thick layer of fat. Pubic hair begins to grow on the skin during puberty and is distributed in the form of a triangle with a downward-pointing tip.

Labia majora

It is a pair of long, ring-shaped, raised skin folds on both sides of the private parts, close to the inner side of the thighs. It is connected to the mons pubis in front and the perineum in the back; it stretches downward and backward from the mons pubis, with the left and right labia majora united in front to form the anterior synovia and the two ends at the back joining to form the posterior synovia. The posterior synovia is located in front of the anus, but is not as obvious as the anterior synovia. Male pubic hair grows outside the labia majora. The subcutaneous tissue is composed of human fat tissue, collagen fibers and venous plexus, which can easily form abscesses after injury. Of course, the labia majora of single women are close together, covering the vulva and urethra. The labia majora of a primipara will separate to the sides due to the impact of childbirth.

Labia minora

It is a pair of mucosal wrinkles on the inner side of the labia majora, with a moist surface. The upper and lower branches of the labia minora cooperate with each other. The skin fold above is called the clitoral hood, and the skin fold below is called the clitoral frenulum, and the clitoris is located in the middle of them. The lower part of the labia minora meets below the vulva, which is called the frenulum. The labia minora mucosa is rich in nerves and therefore feels sensitive [1].

Yindi

The clitoris is located at the top between the labia minora on both sides. It is a small, long, ring-shaped organ with a round opening at the tail end and a thin, hard tissue connected to the inner end. The erectile tissue is a kind of cavernous body tissue, which has rich venous plexus and rich peripheral nerves, so it feels sensitive and easy to bleed after being injured. A woman's clitoris is equivalent to the glans of a man's penis. But it is declining.

The reason is that it is the same homologous organ as the male reproductive organ in embryology, and in human anatomy it also has a head, body, and foreskin, and can even swell and harden during sexual impulses. However, it is much smaller than the male penis, and is not as prominent, and does not have direct reproductive and urinary functions, so it is said to be decadent. From the appearance, it is a small mass of tissue, much like the male genitals, located at the top of the labia minora on both sides, in front of the vulva and urethra.

It is said to be sensitive because it has a lot of sensory endings and is very sensitive. It is the most sensitive reproductive organ of women. It can swell and harden like the male genitals, and is particularly sensitive to touch. It can arouse more direct, rapid and obvious sexual desire, sexual sensation and sexual pleasure than other parts. Compared with the G-spot, it arouses more sexual desire and sensations in the group and is more familiar to us. The clitoris plays a particularly important role in the love and intercourse between husband and wife, whether it is the original, continuous, climax, dissipation or the re-arousing of sexual desire.

Clitoral hood

Used to protect the clitoris, it is formed by the upper junction of the two labia minora.

Vestibular function

The prismatic area enclosed by the labia minora on both sides is called the vestibule. The surface is covered with mucous membrane, which is similar to a triangle. The top of the triangle is the clitoris, the bottom is the frenulum of the labia, and the two sides are the labia minora. The urethral opening is at the upper end of the vestibule function. The vaginal opening is below it. The paraurethral glands, vestibular bulbs, and greater Bartholin's glands are also found in this area.

Vulva

The vaginal opening is covered by a mucous membrane that is not completely closed. This mucous membrane is called the hymen. When the hymen is broken, there is a hole in the middle, through which menstruation is discharged. The size of the hymen hole and the thickness of the membrane are different for each person. After the hymen is broken, the mucous membrane appears as many round balls, which become the hymen scar.

Vestibular bulb

The vestibular bulbs are a pair of penile cavernous tissues, also known as the corpus cavernosum, which have the property of hardening. Located on both sides of the vulva. It is connected to the clitoral vein in front and the Bartholin's gland in the back, and its surface is covered by the bulbospongiosus muscle. Bleeding easily after being injured.

Bartholin's gland

The Bartholin's glands are also known as the Bartholin's glands. It is located at the bottom of the vagina, behind the labia majora, and is also covered by the bulbospongiosus muscle. There is a glandular duct on each side, as big as a small cowpea. Its gland is very small, about 1.5 to 2 centimeters, opening on the inner side of the lower end of the labia minora. The outer skin of the gland is mostly squamous epithelium, and only the innermost end of the tube is composed of a layer of columnar cells. During sexual stimulation, yellow-white mucus is secreted, which plays the role of lubricating the vagina. This gland duct cannot be felt during normal examination.

Urethra

The urethral opening is close to the outer edge of the ischial tuberosity and the middle of the vulva. It is an irregular oval-shaped small hole through which urine is discharged. There is a pair of glandular ducts on the posterior wall, called paraurethral glands, which open on the posterior wall of the urethral opening and are often where pathogens lurk.

Vaginal flap

The vulva is covered by a partially closed mucous membrane called the vaginal valve. There is a hole in the middle of the vaginal valve, through which menstruation is discharged. The size of the vaginal valve opening and the thickness of the membrane are different for each person. After the vaginal valve breaks, the mucosa appears as many round balls, which become the hymen scar.

Perineum

It is part of the thin membrane between the vulva and anus. During childbirth, a pregnant woman experiences a large amount of stretch, allowing the fetus's head to fully expose the vagina.