Luteinized ovarian cyst

Ovarian luteinized cysts, also known as ovarian lutein cysts, are a comprehensive lesion, mainly including corpus luteum cysts, corpus albicans cysts and theca lutein cysts. Because the ovaries are very important organs for women, once abnormalities are detected in this area, patients will certainly be very worried. So, what is luteinized ovarian cyst? Let’s take a look below.

Causes of lutein cysts include:

(1) The influence of placental gonadotropin. About 50% of patients with lutein cysts have vesicular fetal masses and choriocarcinoma, and a few patients have twins. The trophoblasts of these patients produce large amounts of HCG, which causes a highly luteinized reaction in the ovarian follicular cysts.

(2) The function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis is reduced, the feedback function of the gonads is blocked, and the pituitary gland secretes excessive luteinizing hormone, which promotes the enlargement and luteinization of the follicles, secretes a large amount of fluid and forms cysts.

(3) Long-term or excessive use of ovulation-inducing drugs such as clomiphene can cause lutein cysts. Symptoms: Luteinized ovarian cysts generally do not cause symptoms, but occasionally cause acute abdominal pain due to acute torsion. After the fetal mass is removed, the luteinized cyst will disappear on its own within 7-4 months as the HCG level decreases. Luteinized cysts are often bilateral, and may also exist independently in one ovary. They vary greatly in size, with smaller cysts having a diameter of 3 cm and larger cysts often reaching 15 to 20 cm in diameter. Multicystic septa, uneven surface, lobed, thin-walled, containing clear fluid. Because the wall is thin, it may break with a little pressure. The cross-section of the cyst is atrial, and the cavity is often filled with clear to light yellow to brown fluid, and the cyst is often attached with a layer of yellow jelly-like substance.

symptom

1. Discomfort in the lower abdomen: This is the initial symptom before the patient feels a lump in the lower abdomen. Due to the weight of the tumor itself and the influence of intestinal peristalsis and changes in body position, the tumor pulls on its pedicle and pelvic infundibulum ligament in the pelvic cavity, causing the patient to have a feeling of fullness and falling in the lower abdomen or iliac fossa.

2. Increased abdominal circumference and abdominal tumors: These are the most common complaints. The patient notices that his or her clothes or belt seem tight and small, and then notices the enlargement of the abdomen; or he or she feels it occasionally in the morning, and only then finds a swelling in the abdomen when he or she presses on the abdomen, coupled with abdominal distension and discomfort.

3. Abdominal pain: If the tumor has no complications, there will be very little pain. Therefore, abdominal pain felt by patients with ovarian tumors, especially those that occur suddenly, is mostly caused by torsion of the tumor pedicle, or occasionally by tumor rupture, bleeding or infection. In addition, ovarian cysts often cause abdominal pain and leg pain, and the pain often causes patients to seek emergency treatment.

4. Menstrual disorders: Generally, ovarian cysts, even bilateral ovarian cysts, do not cause menstrual disorders because they do not destroy all normal ovarian tissues. Some uterine bleeding is not endocrine in nature. It may be caused by ovarian tumors that change the pelvic blood vessel distribution, causing endometrial congestion; or it may be caused by ovarian malignant tumors directly metastasizing to the endometrium. Menstrual disorders caused by endocrine tumors are often combined with other secretory influences.

5. Compression symptoms: Huge benign ovarian cysts fill the entire abdominal cavity, increasing the intra-abdominal pressure, affecting the venous return of the lower limbs, and can lead to edema of the abdominal wall and bilateral lower limbs; while malignant ovarian tumors fixed in the pelvic cavity compress the iliac vein, often causing edema of one side of the lower limb. The pelvic and abdominal organs are compressed, causing dysuria, urinary retention, urgency or difficulty in defecation.