Causes of amenorrhea

For women, if amenorrhea occurs before the age of amenorrhea, it may be related to some bad living habits and some diseases. The most common one is pituitary disease. In addition, if women have some ovarian diseases, they are also prone to premature amenorrhea. At this time, they should go to the hospital for examination in time to understand the specific reasons and receive regular treatment.

Amenorrhea caused by mental stimulation

This is a common cause of menstrual disorders or even amenorrhea in women. It is mainly due to changes in emotions, such as stress from study, work and life, boredom, depression, excessive tension, major mental stimulation, etc., which affect the function of the hypothalamus through the neuroendocrine pathway of the cerebral cortex-thalamus-hypothalamus, or through the brain-limbic system, resulting in abnormal secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the hypothalamus, thus leading to menstrual disorders or even amenorrhea.

Amenorrhea due to pituitary disease (eg, pituitary adenoma)

Pituitary adenoma is a common benign intracranial tumor, which mainly originates from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and is more common in people aged 30-40 years. After suffering from pituitary adenoma, abnormal secretion of pituitary hormones will cause a series of metabolic disorders and organ damage. The compression of the tumor will also lead to low secretion of other pituitary hormones, causing low function of related target lines, thus leading to corresponding functional disorders. Therefore, pituitary adenoma has many clinical symptoms, which can manifest as acromegaly or gigantism, as well as amenorrhea, galactorrhea or sexual dysfunction. A few people may also show hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. A few people have no obvious symptoms of endocrine disorders, only changes in visual field.

Ovarian amenorrhea

When amenorrhea occurs due to low levels of ovarian sex hormones and the endometrium does not undergo cyclical changes, it is called ovarian amenorrhea. Common causes include premature ovarian failure and polycystic ovary syndrome.

(1) Premature ovarian failure: Generally, women’s ovarian function will gradually decline after the age of 40. However, some women suffer from amenorrhea due to genetic factors, autoimmune factors, abnormal regulation of galactose metabolism, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, infection, strong emotional stimulation, certain immune drugs, etc., which may lead to the exhaustion or destruction of ovarian follicles, or premature ovarian failure due to surgical removal of the ovaries.

(2) Polycystic ovary syndrome: It is the most common endocrine disease in women of childbearing age, characterized by long-term anovulation and hyperandrogenism, with oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea, hirsutism, obesity and infertility as the main clinical manifestations.

Uterine amenorrhea

Excessive curettage during multiple artificial abortions or damage to the endometrium due to curettage during postpartum or post-abortion bleeding can lead to intrauterine adhesions and cause amenorrhea or reduced menstruation. Certain gynecological diseases such as post-abortion infection, puerperal infection, endometrial tuberculosis infection, and infections caused by various intrauterine surgeries can also cause amenorrhea. Certain surgeries, such as various cervical conization surgeries due to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, can also cause adhesion and stenosis of the cervical canal, which can also lead to amenorrhea or dysmenorrhea.