Bilateral polycystic ovary

Bilateral polycystic ovary refers to cysts on both sides of the ovaries. This disease is closely related to endocrine abnormalities. It is normal for it to occur on both sides. The biggest harm is that it affects women's normal fertility. The chance of infertility may be higher for bilateral polycystic ovary structure. We must have a comprehensive understanding of the situation of ovarian cysts, and actively treat it after discovery to avoid the most serious situation.

Bilateral polycystic ovary syndrome is a common endocrine disorder in women of childbearing age, with the age of onset mostly between 20 and 40 years old. Under normal circumstances, the ovaries play an extremely important role in the female body. Together with the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, they form an endocrine axis. By secreting female hormones, they form female-specific physical signs and can act on the uterus to maintain normal menstruation in women. When the regulatory function of this endocrine axis is impaired, it will cause hormonal disorders in the body, leading to excessive androgen, abnormal estrogen, etc. This vicious cycle causes the bilateral ovaries to enlarge, the capsule to thicken, the follicles to fail to mature and ovulate, the formation of cysts of varying sizes, polycystic ovaries, and a series of symptoms, which are called polycystic ovary syndrome.

symptom

1. Abnormal menstruation: oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea, and in a few cases, functional uterine bleeding. It often occurs during adolescence, as a continuation of irregular menstruation after menarche, sometimes accompanied by dysmenorrhea.

2. Hirsutism is common, with an incidence rate of up to 69%. Due to the increase in androgen levels, the vellus hair on the upper lip, lower jaw, chest, back, middle of the lower abdomen, both sides of the upper thighs and around the anus may become thicker and more numerous, but the degree of hirsutism is not proportional to the androgen level (affected by multiple factors such as the number of receptors, estrogen, SHBG and the sensitivity of hair follicles to androgens). It may also be accompanied by acne, excessive facial sebum secretion, deep and rough voice, enlarged clitoris, Adam's apple and other signs of masculinization.

3. Infertility Due to long-term anovulation, patients often suffer from infertility, and sometimes there may be occasional ovulation or miscarriage, with an incidence rate of up to 74%.

4. Obesity accounts for more than 20% of the body weight, and those with a body mass index ≥25 account for 30% to 60%. Obesity is mostly concentrated in the upper body, with a waist/hip ratio > 0.85. It usually starts during adolescence and gradually worsens with age.

5. Ovarian enlargement: In a few patients, enlarged and firm ovaries can be felt through general gynecological examination, but most of them require auxiliary examinations to confirm the diagnosis.

6. Estrogen effect All patients showed good estrogen effect. During examination, a large amount of cervical mucus may be seen. Continuous and large amounts of estrogen can cause rapid endometrial hyperplasia, atypical hyperplasia, and even cancer.

Treatment

1. General treatment: Patients should actively exercise, reduce the intake of high-fat and high-sugar foods, and lose weight. This can cause the androgen level to drop, which is beneficial for restoring ovulation.

2. Drug treatment: Drug treatment can counteract the effects of androgens and induce ovarian ovulation. The drugs used are mainly oral contraceptives, which can also regulate the menstrual cycle. It is usually taken for about 3-6 months, and you can stop taking the medicine after the hormone level test is normal.

Drug treatment

In view of the fact that the main characteristics of this disease are persistent anovulation and excessive androgen, traditional drug treatment includes two aspects, namely ovulation induction and anti-androgen. Although some patients can ovulate through drug treatment, clinically, side effects such as high ovulation rate, low pregnancy rate, and increased probability of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and multiple pregnancy are common. In addition, polycystic ovary syndrome can be divided into hyperandremia acne type, high dehydroepiandrosterone type, hyperprolactinemia type, hyperinsulinemia type, obesity type, high 17-hydroxyprogesterone type, hyperestrogenemia type, etc. Treatment must select drugs according to different causes and different types.

Surgery

Hyster minimally invasive surgery effectively treats PCOS and opens up a new avenue for the effective treatment of PCOS. This technology breaks through many weaknesses of traditional treatment techniques and brings new hope to many female patients who pursue happiness and advocate beauty. It not only enables women to quickly recover from "morbid ugliness" to "healthy beauty", but also solves the problem of long-term infertility. Ovarian perforation and ovarian wedge resection under minimally invasive technology is a minimally invasive surgery that involves making 1-3 small incisions with a diameter of 0.5-1.0 cm in the abdominal wall and inserting a special optical endoscope for examination and surgery. Doctors can visually see the tissues and organs in the pelvic and abdominal cavities magnified 20 times on the TV screen, which allows them to quickly make a clear diagnosis and then perform necessary surgical treatment using minimally invasive techniques. The possibility of open surgery during the operation is very small. Minimally invasive surgery can reduce the trauma to the abdominal wall to a minimum. The abdominal wall scar after the operation is tiny and does not affect the appearance. The wound pain is mild and recovery is fast. The patient can be discharged from the hospital 3 days after the operation. After ovarian perforation surgery using minimally invasive technology, the ovarian white membrane becomes thinner, the eggs are easily discharged, and the pregnancy rate reaches more than 90% 6 months after the surgery.