Is genital rot related to gynecological inflammation?

All humans have genitals, but the genitals of women and men are different. Women have vaginas and men have penises. In comparison, women are more likely to suffer from gynecological diseases related to the reproductive organs, and gynecological diseases have a great impact on women's physical and mental health. Some women find that they have vaginal inflammation and cervical erosion during examinations. Could this situation be related to gynecological inflammation?

Diseases of the female reproductive system are gynecological diseases, including vulvar diseases, vaginal diseases, uterine diseases, fallopian tube diseases, ovarian diseases, etc. Gynecological diseases are common and frequently occurring diseases among women. However, many people lack proper knowledge about gynecological diseases, lack of physical health care, and various bad living habits, which makes their physical health deteriorate, resulting in some women suffering from diseases that cannot be cured for a long time, causing great inconvenience to their normal life and work.

Causes

Gynecological diseases are mainly divided into seven categories: gynecological inflammation, artificial abortion, sexually transmitted diseases, irregular menstruation, infertility, gynecological plastic surgery, and gynecological tumors. Each category has several minor diseases:

Gynecological inflammation: cervicitis, vaginitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, endometritis, etc.;

Artificial abortion: painless abortion, visual abortion, minimally invasive abortion, medical abortion, etc.;

Sexually transmitted diseases include: genital warts, syphilis, genital herpes, gonorrhea, AIDS, etc.;

Irregular menstruation: ovarian disease, endocrine disease, gynecological inflammation and other reasons;

Infertility: cervical infertility, endocrine infertility, uterine infertility, fallopian tube infertility, etc.;

Gynecological plastic surgery: labiaplasty, breast augmentation, hymen repair, vaginal tightening, vulvar leukoplakia, pelvic floor dysfunction, etc.;

Gynecological tumors: uterine fibroids, cervical cysts, ovarian tumors, cervical cancer, etc.

Part classification

① Vaginal diseases; ② Uterine diseases; ③ Ovarian diseases; ④ Fallopian tube diseases; ⑤ Pelvic diseases; ⑥ Vulvar diseases.

examine

1. Vulva

Purpose of examination: Check whether the skin of the vulva is smooth, whether the color is normal, and whether there are ulcers, dermatitis, growths, and hypopigmentation. Normal vulva: pubic hair points downward in a triangular distribution, labia majora are pigmented, labia minora are slightly red, clitoris length is <2.5cm, and the mucosa around the urethral opening is light pink. A speculum is then used to further examine the vagina and cervix.

2. Vagina

Purpose of examination: To check whether the surface of the vaginal mucosa is smooth, whether the texture is normal, whether there are bleeding spots, and whether the properties and odor of vaginal discharge are normal. Normal vagina: The vaginal wall mucosa is light pink in color, with wrinkles, no ulcers, growths, cysts, or congenital malformations. The secretions are egg white-like or white paste-like, without fishy odor and in small amounts, but increase during ovulation and pregnancy. If your vaginal discharge is to be examined, your doctor will take a sample at this time.

3. Cervix

Purpose of examination: To observe whether there are any tumors, ulcers, erosions, or polyps on the cervix, whether the cervix is ​​normal in size, whether the surface is smooth, whether the texture is too hard, and whether there is uterine prolapse. Normal cervix: bulges around the periphery and a hole in the middle. The shape of the navel for non-pregnant women is round, while that for pregnant women is "I"-shaped, tough, flesh-red, and has a smooth surface. If you want to do a cervical cancer smear test, your doctor will take a specimen at this time.

4. Uterus and appendages

Purpose of examination: To understand the location of the uterine fundus, whether it is active, and its texture. If the uterus is enlarged, too hard, or has an uneven surface, these are abnormal phenomena and further examination is required. Normal uterus: inverted pear-shaped, 5 to 6 cm long, 4 to 5 cm wide, and 3 to 4 cm thick. Most are in an anteriorly tilted and anteflexed position, with a medium hard texture and good mobility. The ovaries and fallopian tubes are collectively called "appendages". They are movable and feel slightly sore and swollen when touched. Normal fallopian tubes cannot be palpated.

The doctor takes out the speculum, puts on a pair of very thin rubber gloves, applies Vaseline, and slowly inserts one or two fingers into the vagina. The other hand is placed on the lower abdomen and presses down hard. This is an examination of the uterus and appendages. You will feel pain when your fingers touch the bottom of the uterus, but it will not last long, about 1 minute.

5. Leucorrhea examination

The vaginal secretion is smeared and observed under a microscope. The vaginal cleanliness is determined by the number of vaginal bacilli, white blood cells (WBC) and miscellaneous bacteria. There are 4 levels:

Grade I: There are a large number of vaginal bacilli and epithelial cells, no miscellaneous bacteria or white blood cells, the field of vision is clear, and the secretions are normal.

Grade II: There are moderate amounts of vaginal bacilli and epithelial cells, a small amount of white blood cells and miscellaneous bacteria, and it is still normal vaginal secretions.

Grade III: A small amount of vaginal bacilli and squamous epithelium, but a relatively large number of miscellaneous bacteria and white blood cells, indicating milder vaginal inflammation.

Grade IV: There are no vaginal bacilli, only a few epithelial cells, a large number of white blood cells and miscellaneous bacteria. It indicates relatively severe vaginal inflammation, such as candidal vaginitis and Trichomonas vaginitis.

6. Gynecological B-ultrasound

(1) Congenital abnormalities of reproductive organs such as congenital absence of uterus, various uterine malformations (double uterus, double vagina, bicornuate uterus, rudimentary horn uterus, septate uterus), abnormal development of the hymen (atresia, hematocele) and ectopic kidney (pelvic kidney).

(2) Endometriosis (adenomyosis, ovarian chocolate cyst).

(3) Endometrial lesions such as incomplete abortion, abnormal development of fertilized eggs or missed abortion, hydatidiform mole, endometrial hyperplasia, polyps, uterine end adenocarcinoma, etc.

(4) Understand the position, deformation, incarceration, perforation, migration of the intrauterine contraceptive device, or pregnancy during insertion of the device.

(5) Cervical lesions such as cervical hypertrophy, Nabothian cysts, and polyps.

(6) Pelvic genital inflammation such as pyometra and hydrosalpinx.

(7) Postoperative examination: findings after hysterectomy.

(8) Gynecological non-neoplastic tumors such as follicular cysts, corpus luteum cysts, luteinized cysts, polycystic ovaries, ovarian hematomas, and ovarian corona cysts.

(9) Gynecological tumors ① Benign tumors such as uterine fibroids and various types of ovarian cysts. ② Malignant such as uterine adenocarcinoma, choriocarcinoma, primary or secondary ovarian cancer, etc.

Common diseases

1. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding

It is the name of a disease in modern medicine, which refers to uterine bleeding caused by ovarian dysfunction, referred to as "functional uterine bleeding".

2. Vaginal cancer

Vaginal cancer is a rare vaginal malignancy that can be divided into two types: primary and secondary.

3. Vulvar cancer

Vulvar cancer is a malignant tumor of the vulva and is not uncommon.

4. Ovarian cancer

Ovarian cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in ovarian tissue. Clinically, symptoms such as lower abdominal discomfort, abdominal pain, abdominal mass, menstrual disorders, and compression may occur.

5. Cervical cancer

Cancerous changes in the epithelial cells lining the cervical vagina or endocervical canal. From the tissue point of view, cervical squamous cell carcinoma and uterine cervix are the main ones.

6. Uterine cancer

It usually refers to uterine body cancer, that is, endometrial cancer. Symptoms such as irregular vaginal bleeding may appear in the early stages.

7. Hydatidiform mole

Blister-like fetal masses are caused by abnormal proliferation of trophoblastic cells of the placental villi after pregnancy, which causes the terminal villi to turn into blisters, and the connections between the blisters are shaped like a bunch of grapes.

8. Cervicitis

Cervicitis is a common disease among women of childbearing age. It can be divided into two types: acute and chronic. Chronic cervicitis is the most common type in clinical practice.

9. Vaginitis

Vaginitis is a common disease in gynecological clinics. Clinically, the main clinical features are changes in the nature of leucorrhea and itching and burning pain in the vulva. Dyspareunia is also common.

10. Pelvic inflammatory disease

When the female internal reproductive organs (such as the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and pelvic peritoneum) and their surrounding connective tissue and pelvic peritoneum become inflamed, it is called pelvic inflammatory disease.

11. Adnexitis

It refers to inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries. However, fallopian tube and oophoritis are often accompanied by parametrial connective tissue inflammation and pelvic peritonitis, and are difficult to distinguish during diagnosis.

12. Choriocarcinoma

Also known as choriocarcinoma, it is a highly malignant trophoblastic tumor that mainly occurs in women of childbearing age and is called "gestational choriocarcinoma."

13. Uterine prolapse

The damage and weakening of the supporting tissue of the uterus causes the uterus to descend along the vagina, the external cervical opening to drop below the level of the ischial spine, and the uterus completely protrudes out of the vaginal opening.

14. Uterine fibroids

Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumors in the female reproductive organs. They mostly occur in middle-aged women, with a higher incidence in women aged 30 to 50.

15. Premature ovarian failure

The ovarian function of normal women begins to decline between the ages of 45 and 50. If signs of decline appear before the age of 40, it is medically called premature ovarian failure.

16. Vaginismus

Before or during sexual intercourse, the vagina and pelvic floor muscles surrounding the lower 1/3 of the vagina undergo involuntary, intense, and continuous spasmodic contractions.

17. Endometritis

It is an inflammation of the endometrium. According to the length of the disease course, it can be divided into acute endometritis and chronic endometritis.

18. Endometriosis

Under normal circumstances, the endometrium covers the surface of the uterine cavity. If due to certain factors, the endometrium grows in other parts of the body.

19. Abnormal genital development

Including vaginal atresia, double vagina, double cervix, uterine septate, double uterus, etc.