Uneven thickening of the endometrium

The country now attaches great importance to women. Women who pay for medical insurance are entitled to a free gynecological examination every year, so that any disease can be treated as early as possible and people can rest assured that they are healthy. The so-called gynecological examination is an examination of female-specific organs, such as breasts, abdomen, uterus, etc. There are many aspects of uterine examination, and the endometrium is one of them. The doctor uses color Doppler ultrasound to observe the inside of the female friend's uterus to see if there are any lesions and their locations. The physical examination report will indicate the thickness of the endometrium and whether it is uniform. What causes uneven endometrial thickening?

1. What does uneven endometrial thickening mean?

The endometrium is the mucous membrane covering the uterine cavity and is one of the most differentiated tissues in the human body. The endometrium develops and grows slowly during childhood, and it is not until the premenarche period that estrogen has a significant effect on the endometrial glandular stroma. The thickening of the endometrium is mainly due to excessive estrogen stimulation. Endometrial hyperplasia rarely occurs in women with normal menstrual cycles.

Menstruation is a sign that female sexual function is beginning to mature. The endometrium also undergoes periodic changes during the menstrual cycle. Under normal circumstances, an egg is ovulated in each menstrual cycle. If there is no conception, menstruation will occur and a new cycle will begin. If the egg is fertilized and pregnancy occurs, the endometrium will undergo decidualization.

The menstrual cycle is mainly regulated by ovarian hormones. If the ovarian hormones are disordered, it will inevitably cause menstrual disorders and the endometrium will also have corresponding morphological changes. The clinical manifestations are amenorrhea or "functional uterine bleeding". Among them, "functional uterine bleeding" is the most common. There are many causes of "functional uterine bleeding", and the main causes vary in different age groups. Among them, endometrial hyperplasia is very common.

Endometrial hyperplasia is caused by excessive estrogen stimulation of the endometrium. The clinical manifestations are irregular and heavy abnormal uterine bleeding. Patients may experience continuous bleeding after a long period of amenorrhea, which may be suspected of miscarriage clinically. It may also manifest as shortened cycles and prolonged menstruation, with bleeding time lasting up to 1 month. Pathological examination showed that the degree of endometrial proliferation was not completely consistent with the severity of bleeding. It manifests as thickening of the endometrium, with thickness ranging from 3 to 12 mm, and in some cases even reaching 20 mm. The endometrium is grayish white or light yellow, with a flat surface or polyp-like protrusions, which may be accompanied by edema. Cystic spaces formed by dilated glands can sometimes be seen on the cross-section.

2. The harm of endometrial thickening

1. Affecting women’s pregnancy

This is the biggest harm of endometrial thickening to women. If the endometrium is too thick, it means that there is an ovarian hormone disorder, which may be accompanied by abnormal ovulation and infertility.

At the same time, patients with long-term endometrial thickening are more likely to suffer from gynecological inflammation than normal people, which is not conducive to the implantation of the fertilized egg and leads to habitual miscarriage.

2. Cause cancer

Endometrial hyperplasia has a certain tendency to become cancerous. According to surveys, the canceration rate of atypical hyperplasia is 23%, among which the canceration rate of severe atypical hyperplasia can reach 30%-50%, so it is listed as a precancerous lesion.

3. Endocrine disorders and premature aging of the face

The growth of the endometrium is related to the hormone levels in women's bodies, and endometrial hyperplasia is mainly caused by endocrine disorders. Endocrine disorders can cause spots on women's faces and dark yellow skin.

4. Causes menstrual abnormalities

Some patients experience menstruation that lasts for dozens of days or more, which can also lead to anemia. If the condition worsens and bleeding lasts too long, it can cause shock in women. In addition, endometrial thickening can also cause dysmenorrhea and irregular menstruation in women.