What is the reason for bleeding after having sex after menstruation?

Menstruation is a normal metabolic activity of the female reproductive system. It is because of menstruation that women have reproductive function. The onset of menstruation means that girls have entered maturity, and menopause means that women have begun to age. However, many women have abnormal menstruation. For example, after the end of menstruation, there are signs of bleeding during intercourse. This is most likely caused by gynecological diseases such as cervical erosion, submucous uterine fibroids, cervical polyps, etc.!

1. Cervical erosion

Cervical erosion is the most common local feature in the course of chronic metritis. Due to the infiltration of inflammatory secretions, the squamous epithelium of the cervix falls off and is replaced by the columnar epithelium of the cervical canal, which manifests as cervical erosion. Clinically, cervical erosion is divided into grades I, II and III according to the size of the cervical erosion area. The main symptoms are:

Increased leucorrhea: Increased leucorrhea is the main symptom of this disease, sometimes it is bloody or mixed with blood.

Vulvar itching and pain: The vulva and vagina may be irritated by increased leucorrhea, which may lead to vulvitis or vaginitis and cause vulvar itching and pain.

Pain in the lower abdomen and lumbosacral region: When the inflammation is severe, it may cause pain in the lower abdomen or lumbosacral region along the uterosacral ligament, accompanied by a feeling of falling.

Frequent urination or difficulty urinating: When the inflammation spreads to the bladder trigone or around the bladder, frequent urination or difficulty urinating may occur.

Infertility: Thick leucorrhea is not conducive to sperm penetration, so severe cervicitis can cause infertility.

2. Submucous uterine fibroids

Submucosal uterine fibroids are uterine fibroids that grow protruding into the uterine cavity. Because the surface of the fibroids is covered with endometrium, it increases the area of ​​the endometrium and occupies a space in the uterine cavity, affecting the discharge of menstrual blood. Therefore, it can cause abnormal contraction of the uterus, dysmenorrhea, heavy menstrual flow and period disorders. As the fibroids develop into the uterine cavity, compression symptoms will appear in the adjacent organs. When the fibroids turn red or the pedicles of subserosal fibroids twist, severe abdominal pain may occur. One-third of patients may suffer from infertility.

Uterine fibroids are one of the most common gynecological tumors, with a current incidence rate of about 20%-40%. They are more common in women aged 30-50, but are becoming younger and younger. There are even reports that patients with uterine fibroids have been found on university campuses. Uterine fibroids can easily cause severe anemia, infertility, and even become malignant, endangering life!

3. Cervical polyps

Cervical polyps are a manifestation of chronic cervicitis and are more common in married women. Polyps originate from the cervical mucosa. The surface is covered with a layer of columnar epithelium and has abundant microvessels, so they are bright red, soft and fragile. It will bleed if touched lightly, so it often gets infected and forms ulcers. There is another type of polyp from the vaginal part of the cervix, the surface of which is covered by stratified squamous epithelium. Because the stroma is mainly fibrous connective tissue, it is light red in color, tough in texture, wide in base, and the lesion is superficial.