Women have bloated stomachs and frequent urge to defecate

Women are very prone to abdominal pain and bloating, and there are many reasons for this. If they also feel the urge to defecate but cannot, they are very likely suffering from cervicitis. Cervicitis is a very common gynecological disease and is very harmful. We must have a full understanding of this disease, combine it with other abnormalities that may occur in the body, and make a comprehensive judgment before we can make a final determination.

1. Acute cervicitis

The main manifestations are increased vaginal discharge, which is mucopurulent. The irritation of vaginal discharge can cause itching and burning sensation of the vulva. There may be symptoms such as pain during sexual intercourse and lower abdominal pain. If combined with urinary tract infection, urinary urgency, frequent urination and pain may occur. If it is a Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection, due to the involvement of the paraurethral glands and Bartholin's glands, congestion and edema of the urethral and vaginal opening mucosa as well as a large amount of purulent secretions may be seen. It often occurs simultaneously with vaginitis and endometritis. Infections with pyogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus and Streptococcus can spread upward and cause pelvic connective tissue inflammation.

The symptoms of acute cervicitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis infection are often not obvious or even asymptomatic. Increased vaginal discharge, spotting or urinary tract irritation are common symptoms.

2. Chronic cervicitis

(1) Increased vaginal discharge: Patients with chronic cervicitis may be asymptomatic. Sometimes increased vaginal discharge may be the only symptom. The vaginal discharge is light yellow and may sometimes contain blood or contact bleeding. Occasionally, secretions may irritate the vulva and cause itching and discomfort.

(2) Pain in the lower abdomen or lumbosacral region is a common symptom, which worsens during menstruation and defecation, and may cause pain during sexual intercourse. The pain becomes more severe when the inflammation spreads and forms chronic parauterine connective tissue inflammation.

(3) Urinary tract irritation symptoms When the inflammation spreads to the bladder trigone or the connective tissue around the bladder, urinary tract irritation symptoms such as frequent urination or difficulty urinating may occur.

(4) Other symptoms Some patients may experience irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, and a feeling of heaviness in the pelvis.

1. Acute cervicitis

The main treatment is antibiotics, with systemic treatment as the main focus, and strive to be thorough to avoid it turning into chronic cervicitis.

(1) Empirical antibiotic treatment

For patients with the following high-risk factors for sexually transmitted diseases (such as age less than 25 years, multiple or new sex partners, and unprotected sexual intercourse), empirical antibiotic treatment against Chlamydia is used before the results of pathogen testing are obtained.

(2) Antibiotic treatment targeting pathogens

For those who have acquired pathogens, choose antibiotics specific to the pathogen. Since Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection is often accompanied by chlamydial infection, if it is gonococcal cervicitis, in addition to using anti-Neisseria gonorrhoeae drugs, anti-chlamydial infection drugs should also be used during treatment.

(3) Treatment of sexual partners: If the pathogens of cervicitis patients are Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, their sexual partners should be examined and treated accordingly.

Local treatment is the main method, and different treatment methods are used for different lesions.

(1) Chronic cervical mucositis

For persistent cervical mucosal inflammation, it is necessary to understand whether there is reinfection with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, whether the sexual partner has been treated, and whether vaginal microbiome imbalance persists. Treatment is directed at the cause. For those whose pathogens are unclear and there is no effective treatment, physical therapy can be tried. These include electric ironing, laser, freezing, microwave infrared and other methods. Chinese medicine can also be used as an auxiliary treatment before or after physical therapy. However, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer must be excluded by screening before treatment. For patients with severe erosion or those who fail to recover after long-term treatment, cervical conization may be considered.

(2) Cervical polyps are treated with polypectomy, and the removed polyps are sent for pathological histological examination.

(3) Cervical hypertrophy generally does not require treatment.