What is pelvic inflammatory disease?

Pelvic inflammatory disease is a common gynecological disease among women, also known as adnexitis. Pelvic inflammatory disease has a great impact on women's health, especially the health of their reproductive system, so once pelvic inflammatory disease is discovered, it must be actively treated. Before treatment, we must first find out the specific cause of pelvic inflammatory disease. So, what are the specific causes of pelvic inflammatory disease?

1. Sexual life and pelvic inflammatory disease are closely related:

Primary pelvic inflammatory disease is mostly caused by sexual intercourse or sexual exposure. The infection has little to do with the frequency of partner life, but it is related to the number of partners. The incidence rate of women with multiple partners is 5 times that of those without such a relationship.

2. Your partner carries gonococci or Chlamydia trachomatis:

Male partners who carry gonococci, Chlamydia trachomatis or other pathogens are an important source of infection and recurrence for women.

3. Young people are prone to:

The incidence rate among women aged 15 to 19 is three times that of women aged 25 to 29; the incidence rate among women aged 20 to 24 is twice that of women aged 25 to 29. In my country, the peak age for onset is around 30 years old. The high incidence rate among young people is not only due to their period of high sexual activity, but also due to the instability of their partners.

4. History of pelvic inflammatory disease:

Women with a history of pelvic inflammatory disease are 20 times more likely to have another attack than those without a history of the disease. 20% to 25% of patients with pelvic inflammatory disease may suffer from recurrence. The reason why they are easily reinfected is that the fallopian tube epithelium has been damaged, is more sensitive to pathogens, and has impaired local defense mechanisms. It is also common for people who have had gonorrhea in the past to develop the disease again.

5. Postpartum infection:

The patient is weak after childbirth or miscarriage, and the cervical opening has not yet closed well after dilation. At this time, the bacteria in the vagina and cervix may ascend and infect the pelvic cavity. If there are still placenta and fetal membranes remaining in the uterine cavity, the chance of infection is greater.

6. Neglecting menstrual hygiene:

If you do not pay attention to menstrual hygiene, use unclean sanitary napkins and panty liners, take a bath during menstruation, have sexual intercourse during menstruation, etc., pathogens can invade and cause inflammation.

7. Other inflammatory infections:

The most common cases are appendicitis and peritonitis. Since they are adjacent to the female internal reproductive organs, the inflammation can spread directly and cause pelvic inflammation. In cases of chronic cervicitis, the inflammation can also spread through the lymphatic circulation and cause pelvic connective tissue inflammation.