What types of threatened uterine rupture are there?

Threatened uterine rupture refers to damage and laceration of the uterus, which not only poses a great danger to pregnant women, but may also have a certain impact on the baby. When the fetus flows into the outside of the uterine cavity, it may cause suffocation or even death, and ascites will be produced in the stomach. Therefore, in case of uterine rupture, you must go to the hospital for emergency treatment as soon as possible, and make a detailed judgment according to the type of uterine rupture.

What is uterine rupture

Uterine rupture refers to a laceration of the uterine body or lower segment during delivery or pregnancy. It is a serious obstetric complication that threatens the lives of mother and child.

Types of uterine rupture

1. Classification by rupture cause:

① Spontaneous uterine rupture often occurs before delivery and is common in scarred uterus and uterine dysplasia such as bicornuate uterus.

②Traumatic uterine rupture often occurs during delivery.

2. Classification by rupture time:

① Uterine rupture during pregnancy is common in scarred uterus and uterine hypoplasia.

② Uterine rupture during labor is more common in multiparous women. The causes are mostly obstructive dystocia, surgical trauma, or improper use of oxytocin. Most uterine ruptures occur during this period.

3. Classification by location of uterine rupture:

① Uterine body rupture is often seen in uterine body scars, placenta implantation and uterine hypoplasia.

② Rupture of the lower uterine segment is more common in obstructive dystocia where inappropriate vaginal delivery leads to cervical laceration and upward extension.

4. Classification by degree of uterine rupture:

① Complete uterine rupture: The entire layer of the uterine wall is torn, and the uterine cavity is connected to the abdominal cavity. The fetus and placenta may be entrapped at the uterine rupture or enter the abdominal cavity. If the fetus is young, the placenta and amniotic sac will wrap the fetus and completely enter the abdominal cavity.

② Incomplete uterine rupture: partial or full-thickness rupture of the uterine muscle wall, with the serosal layer intact. Common rupture of the lower uterine segment, forming a broad ligament hematoma, also known as intra-broad ligament uterine rupture.

Main causes of uterine rupture

1. Obstructive dystocia: obvious pelvic stenosis, cephalopelvic disproportion, soft birth canal deformity, pelvic tumors and abnormal fetal position hinder the descent of the fetal presenting part and cause uterine rupture;

2. Rupture of uterine scar: The cause of rupture is the mechanical traction of the pregnant uterus leading to rupture of the scar or damage to the endometrium at the uterine scar, placenta implantation, and placenta percreta leading to spontaneous rupture of the uterus.

3. Abuse of uterotonics: The main reasons include excessive dosage or too fast administration speed, immature cervix, malposition of the fetus, obstructive dystocia, and lack of careful observation of the labor process during medication.

4. Vaginal delivery surgery injury: The cervix is ​​not fully dilated, and forced forceps delivery or gluteal traction can cause severe cervical lacerations that extend to the lower part of the uterus. Ignoring internal version of the transverse position, abortion, partial artificial placental removal, etc. can all cause uterine rupture due to improper operation.