These are the signs and symptoms of miscarriage!

Successful natural conception requires many conditions. If any one of them is abnormal, it is very likely to cause spontaneous abortion or fetal arrest. In recent years, miscarriage is not uncommon. Patients often experience the gradual disappearance of pregnancy reactions, and no longer have symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and breast swelling. Later, they will experience vaginal bleeding, lower abdominal pain, etc.

1. Symptoms of miscarriage

If embryonic arrest occurs, all pregnancy reactions of the pregnant mother will gradually disappear. First of all, there will be no more early pregnancy reactions such as nausea and vomiting, and the feeling of breast swelling will also be reduced. Then there will be vaginal bleeding, usually dark red bloody leucorrhea. Finally, there may be lower abdominal pain and expulsion of the embryo. The above symptoms vary from person to person. Some people may not even show any signs, but may directly experience abdominal pain and then miscarriage, or the embryo may stop developing without any symptoms and be discovered through routine B-ultrasound examination.

2. Causes of abortion

1. Endocrine disorders

Embryo implantation and continued development depend on the coordination of a complex endocrine system. Any abnormality in any link can lead to miscarriage. During the early development of the embryo, three important hormone levels are required: estrogen, progesterone, and human chorionic gonadotropin. As for the mother, if her own endogenous hormones are insufficient, it cannot meet the needs of the embryo and may cause embryo arrest and miscarriage. The most common of these is luteal dysfunction, which can cause delayed endometrial development and a short luteal phase, thereby affecting the implantation of the fertilized egg or early pregnancy miscarriage. People with luteal insufficiency are often accompanied by other glandular dysfunctions, such as hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, diabetes, relative androgenism and hyperprolactinemia. These factors are not conducive to embryonic development and are closely related to miscarriage.

2. Immune factors

The embryo or fetus in the uterus is actually an allogeneic transplant because the fetus is a combination of the genetic material of the parents and cannot be exactly the same as the mother. Immune incompatibility between mother and fetus causes the mother to reject the fetus. Common autoimmune diseases include systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, mixed connective tissue disease, dermatomyositis, etc. The second is the issue of reproductive immunity. If a person carries certain antibodies, it may affect the development of the embryo. In fact, the antibody testing in each hospital is different, and the doctors' opinions are also different. From a research perspective, there are four influencing factors. The first is anti-sperm antibodies. If present, they may resist the combination of sperm and egg; the second is anti-endometrial antibodies. If anti-endometrial antibodies exist, they may affect the development of the embryo and resist the development of the embryo; the third is anti-ovarian antibodies. If present, they will affect the quality of the egg; the fourth is anti-chorionic gonadotropin antibodies. This hormone is actually an important hormone that is secreted seven days after the sperm and egg combine. However, if this antibody exists in the body, it will resist the secretion of the hormone, which may cause embryonic arrest.

3. Uterine abnormalities

Both the internal environment of the uterus and the overall environment of the uterus may have an impact on the embryo. The internal environment is the endometrium. If it is too thin or too thick, it will affect implantation. About 10% to 15% of miscarriages are caused by uterine defects. Common ones include (1) congenital abnormalities of the Müllerian duct, including unicornuate uterus, didelphic uterus, septate uterus, and bicornuate uterus, which result in a narrow uterine cavity and restricted blood supply. Abnormal development of the uterine arteries can lead to asynchrony of decidualization and abnormal implantation. (2) Intrauterine adhesions, which are mainly caused by intrauterine trauma, infection or residual placental tissue, leading to intrauterine adhesions and fibrosis. Hinders normal decidualization and placental implantation. (3) Uterine fibroids and endometriosis cause reduced blood supply, leading to ischemia and venous dilatation, asynchronous decidualization, abnormal implantation, and hormonal changes caused by fibroids, which can also cause pregnancy failure. (4) Congenital or traumatic cervical relaxation and abnormal cervical development caused by intrauterine treatment with diethylstilbestrol often lead to mid-term miscarriage.