If you have menstruation again after menopause, beware of inflammation

After women reach the age of 50, due to the decline of ovarian function, they will slowly enter menopause. However, some women find that they still have menstruation after menopause. What is going on? In fact, this is not a good phenomenon and may be caused by certain physical illnesses.

1: Endometrial cancer is a group of epithelial malignant tumors that occur in the endometrium and are more common in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Irregular vaginal bleeding is the main symptom of endometrial cancer and is usually light to moderate in amount. In young women or perimenopausal women, it is often considered as menstrual disorder and ignored. Postmenopausal women often present with continuous or intermittent vaginal bleeding. Some patients only present with a small amount of bloody vaginal discharge after menopause. In late-stage patients, bleeding may be mixed with rotten meat-like tissue.

1: In the early stages of cervical malignancy, the patient feels almost no discomfort and has no symptoms, so it is easy to be ignored. However, as the disease progresses, patients may experience abnormal vaginal bleeding. Since young women are in their sexually active period, their estrogen levels and sexual intercourse frequency are higher, so they are more likely to have bleeding during sexual intercourse as the first symptom. Increased vaginal discharge is also a common symptom of cervical lesions. About 80% of patients with cervical malignancy have symptoms of increased vaginal discharge. It is worth noting that once irregular bleeding occurs, it usually means that cervical disease has reached the middle stage and the risk has increased a lot.

1: Generally speaking, endometritis will not cause vaginal bleeding, but it is not absolute. When the inflammation is very severe, there may be continuous small amounts of vaginal bleeding; when endometrial inflammation involves the myometrium, various symptoms worsen, there is fever, sometimes the body temperature exceeds 38 degrees, obvious and continuous lower abdominal pain radiating to both thighs, and continuous vaginal bleeding. If endometritis occurs after delivery, cesarean section or miscarriage, there will be long-term lochia retention. If not treated in time, the inflammation may develop into adnexitis, connective tissue inflammation, or even sepsis.

Endometrial polyps can occur at any age after puberty but are more common in women over 35 years old. Single, smaller endometrial polyps often have no clinical symptoms and are often only discovered during gross examination after hysterectomy for other diseases, or diagnosed after diagnostic curettage. Patients with multiple diffuse type often have excessive menstrual cycles and prolonged menstruation, which is related to the increase in endometrial area and excessive endometrial hyperplasia. The main symptoms are increased menstrual cycle volume or irregular uterine bleeding.

Cervical erosion is not an independent disease, but a manifestation of other chronic cervicitis. The surface of a normal cervix is ​​covered by a layer of epithelium, which is smooth and pink in color. The deep tissues of the cervix develop chronic inflammation due to infection, which causes nutritional disorders and shedding of the surface epithelium. The peeling surface of the epithelium is gradually covered by the columnar epithelium of the cervical canal. The columnar epithelium is very thin, and the blood vessels and red stroma underneath can be seen, so it is called cervical erosion.

Uterine fibroids are located between the uterine muscle walls and grow in the direction of least resistance. When it gradually protrudes into the uterine cavity, or completely protrudes from the uterine cavity, its surface is covered only by a layer of endometrium - it is called a submucosal fibroid. Uterine bleeding is the most typical symptom of submucosal fibroids, among which the bleeding of submucosal pedunculated fibroids is more obvious. This type of fibroid can produce symptoms in the early stage of the disease. Sometimes the fibroids are very small and can be easily confused with intrauterine polyps. Its clinical manifestations are mainly non-cyclic bleeding, manifested as irregular bleeding or continuous bleeding. The patient's bleeding time is uncertain, which can be long or short, from a few days to more than ten days or even dozens of days. The amount of bleeding is uncertain, sometimes it is dripping, and sometimes it is discharged as a large amount of blood clots, and the bleeding is mostly bright red.

Benign ovarian tumors are common gynecological tumors with many types. They can occur at any age, with the peak incidence being between 20 and 40 years old. Most patients are asymptomatic and the tumor grows slowly. By the time symptoms appear, the tumor has usually grown large. The cause of the disease is unclear, and it may be related to environmental factors, benign ovarian tumors, genetic factors, etc. Some cases may experience irregular menstruation or postmenopausal bleeding.

But please be careful, this is not a good phenomenon of "rejuvenation", but postmenopausal bleeding, commonly known as "inverted flowering". Postmenopausal bleeding may be caused by diseases of the vulva, vagina, uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. Its causative factors may be inflammatory, endocrine (endogenous or iatrogenic), traumatic, foreign body, or even systemic hemorrhagic diseases, which may be benign or malignant tumors and non-organic diseases.