What are the clinical manifestations of cervical fibroids?

Once women hear about issues affecting their fertility, they will pay more attention to the disease. Therefore, patients with uterine fibroids are beginning to pay attention to their own health and gradually realize the importance of preventing uterine fibroids. But do you know the symptoms of uterine fibroids? The clinical manifestations of uterine fibroids often vary with the location, size, growth rate, presence or absence of secondary degeneration and complications of the fibroids. Understanding these symptoms can be of great help in the treatment of patients.

It is the main symptom of uterine fibroids, occurring in half or more of the patients. Among them, cyclical bleeding (excessive menstrual flow, prolonged menstruation or shortened menstrual cycle) accounts for most, about 2/3; while non-cyclical (continuous or irregular) bleeding accounts for 1/3. Bleeding is mainly caused by intramural fibroids and submucosal fibroids. Cyclic bleeding often occurs in intramural fibroids, while submucosal fibroids often present as irregular bleeding. Subserosal fibroids rarely cause uterine bleeding. In some cases, the amount of menstruation actually decreases.

Reasons for heavy bleeding caused by fibroids:

① Patients with fibroids often have endometrial hyperplasia and polyps due to excessive estrogen levels, resulting in heavy menstrual flow;

② Fibroids cause the uterus to increase in size, endometrial area, excessive bleeding and prolonged bleeding. Especially in the case of submucosal fibroids, the mucosal bleeding area can reach more than 225cm2 (normal is about 15cm2);

③ Submucosal fibroids, the mucosal surface often ulcerates and necrotizes, leading to chronic endometritis and causing continuous bleeding;

④ Intramural myoma affects uterine contraction and the clamping effect on blood vessels, or the endometrium of submucosal myoma is detached and unable to contract, which leads to more bleeding and prolonged duration;

⑤ Larger fibroids may be accompanied by pelvic congestion, resulting in vigorous and abundant blood flow;

⑥ Irregular menstruation during menopause.

Excessive menstrual flow or prolonged menstruation may occur alone or in combination. If it occurs simultaneously with shortened (excessive) menstrual cycles, a large amount of blood may be lost in a short period of time, leading to severe anemia. Submucosal fibroids prolapse into the vagina and cause non-cyclical bleeding, which can be extremely heavy. Large polypoid fibroids also often cause persistent bleeding.

About 40% of patients suffer from abdominal pain, 25% suffer from back pain and 45% suffer from dysmenorrhea. Some also suffer from a feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen or back pain, but the degree is usually not very serious. The pain is caused by the tumor compressing the pelvic blood vessels, causing congestion, or compressing the nerves, or the pedunculated submucosal fibroids can stimulate the uterus to contract and be discharged from the uterine cavity, causing the cervical canal to widen and cause pain; or the necrosis and infection of the fibroids can cause pelvic inflammatory disease, adhesion, traction, etc. If some patients have red degeneration of uterine fibroids, the abdominal pain will be more severe and accompanied by fever.

About 30% of patients suffer from compression symptoms caused by myoma, including 20% ​​frequent urination, about 10% dysuria, 3.3% urinary retention, 5% urinary pain, 5% constipation, 6% lower limb edema.

The four phenomena described above are the clinical manifestations of uterine fibroids. If female friends experience the above-mentioned conditions, they must go to the hospital for examination as soon as possible to ensure their own health. Knowing more about uterine fibroids and paying attention to your own health can also prevent the occurrence of the disease early.