What are the clinical manifestations of dysmenorrhea?

Many women experience dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea is a phenomenon that occurs during women's menstruation, and its typical symptom is abdominal pain. For some people, dysmenorrhea is physiological, while for others, it is pathological. Patients with dysmenorrhea will feel uncomfortable all over and even lose their appetite. So what exactly is dysmenorrhea? And how can it be relieved?

Causes

1. The occurrence of primary dysmenorrhea is mainly related to the increase in endometrial prostaglandin content during menstruation. Elevated PGF2α levels are the main cause of dysmenorrhea. High levels of PGF2α can cause excessive contraction of uterine smooth muscle and vascular spasm, resulting in uterine ischemia and hypoxia and dysmenorrhea.

2. Increase in substances such as vasopressin, endogenous oxytocin and β-endorphin.

3. Mental and neurological factors.

Clinical manifestations

1. Primary dysmenorrhea is more common in adolescence, often occurring within 1 to 2 years after menarche.

2. The pain usually starts after menstruation, and the earliest appearance is 12 hours before menstruation. The pain is most severe on the first day of menstruation and lasts for 2 to 3 days before being relieved. The pain is often spasmodic and located above the pubic bone in the lower abdomen, and may radiate to the lumbar region and inner thigh.

3. It may be accompanied by symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue, etc. In severe cases, the face will turn pale and cold sweats will occur.

4. No abnormalities were found during gynecological examination.

treat:

1. General treatment

(1) Pay attention to psychological treatment and eliminate tension and worries.

(2) Get enough rest and sleep, exercise regularly and moderately, and quit smoking.

2. Medication

(1) Commonly used prostaglandin synthase inhibitors include ibuprofen, ketoprofen, meclofenamic acid, diclofenac, etc.

(2) Oral contraceptives are suitable for women with dysmenorrhea who require contraception, with an effectiveness rate of over 90%.

If you want to improve dysmenorrhea, you need long-term conditioning. You cannot eat cold food during menstruation, and try not to eat too much spicy food. You can consider drinking some brown sugar water, and be sure to drink it while it is hot. It is also very helpful in improving dysmenorrhea. In addition, you also need to pay attention to maintaining menstrual hygiene.