What to do if pregnant women have gestational hypertension

Do you know that women will always experience various symptoms during pregnancy? However, some diseases will have a certain impact on women's physical health and the fetus. Among them, pregnant women, diabetes and gestational hypertension are diseases with extremely high incidence rates. If they are not treated and relieved in time, it may lead to life-threatening situations. This is also the problem that many women are most afraid of and worried about during pregnancy. Let's learn about what to do with gestational hypertension in pregnant women.

What to do if pregnant women have gestational hypertension

1. General treatment

Rest, closely monitor the condition of mother and child, intermittent oxygen inhalation, diet including adequate protein and calories, unlimited salt and fluids, and appropriate salt restriction for those with systemic edema.

2. Antispasmodic

Magnesium sulfate is the drug of choice for the treatment of pregnancy-induced hypertension. The blood magnesium concentration should be monitored. Precautions for using magnesium sulfate:

(1) Pay attention to urine volume ≥ 25 ml/hour, knee reflex and breathing.

(2) Use respiratory resistance drugs with caution.

(3) Magnesium sulfate should be used with caution when accompanied by cardiomyopathy.

(4) Intravenous infusion is better than push injection.

(5) Pay attention to the relationship between body weight, dosage and flow velocity.

3. Expand blood volume

The use of volume expanders is generally not recommended and is only used for severe hypoproteinemia and anemia. Albumin, plasma and whole blood can be used.

4. Blood pressure reduction

(1) Hydralazine can block α-receptors, causing peripheral vasodilation and lowering blood pressure. The advantage is that it increases cardiac output and renal and cerebral blood flow. The adverse reactions include increased heart rate, facial flushing, accompanied by nausea, palpitations and other discomforts.

(2) Salicylic acid derivatives of benzyl salicylate have competitive antagonistic effects on α and β adrenergic receptors. The advantages are good antihypertensive effect, reduced vascular resistance, increased renal blood flow without reducing placental blood flow, and the effects of promoting fetal maturation, reducing platelet consumption and increasing prostacyclin levels.

(3) Nifedipine is a slow calcium channel antagonist. It can prevent extracellular calcium ions from penetrating the cell membrane and entering the cell, and inhibit the release of calcium ions in the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm. The result of the pharmacological action is to dilate blood vessels throughout the body and lower blood pressure. In addition, since smooth muscle contraction is inhibited, it not only lowers blood pressure for those with gestational hypertension accompanied by weak uterine contractions, but also helps prevent threatened premature birth.

(4) Propyl acetonide angiodilator-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor.

(5) Sodium nitroprusside The metabolite of sodium nitroprusside (cyanide) can combine with the hydrogen groups of red blood cells and have toxic effects on the fetus. It is used after delivery when other antihypertensive drugs are ineffective and is generally not used during pregnancy. Monitor blood pressure during medication.

(6) Prazosin α-adrenergic receptor blocker.

5. Calmness

Sedatives may be given to those who are nervous, anxious, or have trouble sleeping. For severe eclampsia or preeclampsia, stronger sedatives are needed to prevent eclamptic attacks.

(1) Diazepam (Valium).

(2) Sleeping pills.

(3) Others: sodium amytal, morphine, phenobarbital and sodium butal.

6. Diuretic

It is generally not recommended for use and is only used for patients with systemic edema, acute heart failure, pulmonary edema, or hypervolemia with potential pulmonary edema.

7. Treatment of eclampsia

Control convulsions, correct hypoxia and acidosis, control blood pressure, and terminate the pregnancy after the convulsions stop.

8. Timely termination of pregnancy

(1) Induced labor is suitable for those whose condition is under control and whose cervix is ​​mature.

(2) Cesarean section is suitable for those with obstetric indications, immature cervical conditions, inability to deliver vaginally within a short period of time, failed induction of labor, significantly reduced placental function or fetal intrauterine distress.

prevention

1. Establish and improve a three-level maternal and child health care network: carry out peri-pregnancy and perinatal health care work.

2. Strengthen health education: enable pregnant women to master basic health knowledge and consciously undergo prenatal examinations.

3. Guide pregnant women to eat and rest properly.

The above is an introduction to what to do if pregnant women have gestational hypertension. After understanding it, we know that if women can maintain good living habits during pregnancy, they can avoid the occurrence of gestational hypertension. In addition, during pregnancy, you must pay attention to a light diet and usually go for more walks outdoors. This will be of great help to the health of women after pregnancy, and you must go to the hospital regularly for prenatal check-ups.