What is atypical endometrial hyperplasia?

Under normal circumstances, the thickness of the endometrium will change with the woman's menstrual cycle. Whether the endometrium is too thick or too thin, it will have a certain impact on the implantation of the fertilized egg. Clinical medicine calls the excessive thickness of the endometrium endometrial hyperplasia. There are three different types of endometrial hyperplasia. The most serious one is atypical endometrial hyperplasia. The specific causes and symptoms of atypical endometrial hyperplasia are as follows:

Causes of atypical endometrial hyperplasia

The causes of endometrial hyperplasia are not yet fully understood, but the following phenomena and facts indicate that long-term estrogen stimulation is the main cause of the disease.

Anovulation may occur in adolescent girls, perimenopausal women, or in cases of disorder in a certain link of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis, polycystic ovary syndrome, etc. The endometrium is continuously affected by estrogen for a longer period of time without the opposition of progesterone and lacks the transformation of the cyclical secretory phase, and is in a state of hyperplasia.

In postmenopausal women receiving estrogen replacement therapy (ERT), endometrial hyperplasia was observed in 20% of women taking estrogen alone for 1 year.

Endometrial hyperplasia has also been observed in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer who have received long-term tamoxifen (TAM). Tamoxifen has a weak estrogen-like effect.

Atypical endometrial hyperplasia

Atypical hyperplasia of the endometrium is manifested as proliferation of the underlying cells. The underlying cells not only proliferate, but also have disordered cell arrangement and nuclear heterogeneity changes such as enlarged and darkly stained nuclei and uneven chromatin distribution. It is a precancerous lesion of uterine cancer and can be divided into mild, moderate and severe types according to the degree of atypical hyperplasia.

1. Mild atypical hyperplasia

In mild atypical hyperplasia, epithelial cells are arranged in a slightly disordered manner, with mild cell atypia, and the atypical epithelium occupies the lower third of the epithelial layer.

2. Moderate atypical hyperplasia

Moderate atypical hyperplasia has disordered arrangement of epithelial cells with obvious atypia, and the atypical epithelium occupies the lower two-thirds of the epithelial layer.

3. Severe atypical hyperplasia

Severe atypical epithelial hyperplasia often has disrupted or lost polarity, making it difficult to distinguish from carcinoma in situ.

You should now be clear about the causes and symptoms of atypical endometrial hyperplasia. For patients, in addition to paying attention to timely treatment, they should also start to regulate their disease from their usual diet. Patients must be careful not to eat foods such as donkey-hide gelatin and red dates that replenish blood and qi, and especially be careful not to drink some alcoholic beverages and cold drinks, which are not good for the treatment of atypical endometrial hyperplasia.