Introduction to the ovaries

Let me introduce to you several aspects of the ovaries. The ovaries are the reproductive organs of female animals. The function of the ovaries is to produce eggs and steroid hormones. The size of the ovaries is related to age and egg-laying period.

Ovaries are of vital importance and are related to human reproduction and family happiness. The following is a detailed introduction to several aspects of the ovaries.

Ovarian location

The mesentery is very short and contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves that pass through it to the ovaries. The ovaries are highly mobile, and their position is often affected by the fullness of the large intestine. It is usually located in the ovarian fossa and connected to the peritoneum of the pelvic side wall on the outside. The ovarian fossa is located in the angle between the origins of the internal and external iliac arteries, with the umbilical artery cord in front and the ureter and internal iliac artery in the back. The floor of the ovarian fossa is composed of the obturator internus muscle and the pelvic fascia and peritoneal wall covering its surface. The obturator vessels and nerves pass through the extraperitoneal tissue at the bottom of the ovarian fossa. The location of the fetal ovaries is similar to that of the male testicles, located near the waist and kidneys. The ovaries of newborns are located higher and slightly oblique. The ovaries of adults are located low, with their long axis nearly vertical. The end of the fallopian tube is located slightly below the plane of the upper opening of the pelvis, near the external iliac vein, just opposite the sacroiliac joint. The cervical opening is downward, slightly above the pelvic floor peritoneum, and connected to the outer corner of the uterus. The mesenteric margin is located posterior to the umbilical artery cord. The free edge is located in front of the ureter. The ovaries of older women are located lower. The position of the ovaries may be affected by the position of the uterus. When the uterus tilts to the left, the left ovary moves slightly downward and the end of the uterus turns slightly inward; when it tilts to the right, the opposite is true. The fallopian tube end of the ovary and the upper part of its posterior edge are covered by the fallopian tube fimbria and fallopian tube infundibulum.

Organ morphology

There is one ovary on each side, which is gray-red, tough, flat and oval in shape, with a convex surface. The surface is smooth in young girls, but after sexual maturity, the surface often becomes uneven due to the enlargement of the follicles and scarring after ovulation. The size and shape of the ovaries also vary with age. In the same person, the left and right ovaries are not the same, and the left side is usually larger than the right side. The average length of an adult ovary is 2.93cm on the left and 2.88cm on the right; the average width is 1.48cm on the left and 1.38cm on the right; the average thickness is 0.82cm on the left and 0.83cm on the right; the weight of the ovary is 3-4g. The ovaries begin to shrink gradually between the ages of 35 and 45, and after menopause, they can gradually shrink to 1/2 of their original volume. The size of an adult's ovary is usually about the size of a person's thumb. Due to repeated ovulation in the ovaries, the follicles rupture and shrink, and are replaced by connective tissue, so their essence gradually becomes hard.

Ovarian environment

The ovarian microenvironment refers to the development and maturity of the ovaries, whether the tissue and cell structure of the ovaries is intact, the number of primordial follicles in the ovaries, whether the primordial follicles can develop to maturity and ovulate, the thickness of the ovarian serosa and whether the mature eggs can be successfully discharged, pelvic inflammation and adhesions, the function of ovarian hormone-secreting cells, the level and proportion of sex hormones in the body, the function and regulation of peripheral nerves, the function of the microvascular system and blood supply (supply of oxygen, nutrients, and removal of cellular metabolic products), etc. These factors together constitute the ovarian microenvironment. The ovarian microenvironment affects the maturity of the released follicles. Regulating the ovarian microenvironment can help improve the quality of released follicles and increase the chance of conception.

Ovarian structure

The ovary is divided into inner and outer surfaces, upper and lower ends, and anterior and posterior edges. The inner side of the ovary faces

Ovarian structure

The pelvic cavity is often close to the ileum, also known as the intestinal surface, and its outer surface is in contact with the side wall of the pelvic cavity. The upper end of the ovary is blunt and round, called the fallopian tube end (Tubalex-tremity), which is connected to the fimbria of the fallopian tube. The lower end is slightly pointed and faces the uterus, called the uterine end (Uterineextremity). The front edge of the ovary is attached to the ovarian mesentery, which is called the mesovarian border. This edge is relatively straight, with a fissure in the center, called the hilum of the ovary, where the ovarian blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves enter and exit. The posterior edge of the ovary is free, called the freeborder, which is relatively convex and faces posteriorly and medially.

The ovaries are a pair of oval reproductive organs located on both sides of the uterus. It has a layer of epithelial tissue on the outside and a thin layer of connective tissue underneath. The internal structure of the ovary can be divided into the cortex and medulla. The cortex is located in the peripheral part of the ovary and is mainly composed of follicles and connective tissue; the medulla is located in the center and is composed of loose connective tissue, which contains many blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves.

The above are some aspects about ovaries that I would like to introduce to you. Including the location of the ovaries, the shape of the ovaries, the environment of the ovaries, and the structure of the The ovaries are a pair of very important oval reproductive tubes. It is closely related to the reproduction of future generations. Pay attention to ovarian health. I hope that the above introduction to several aspects of the ovaries can be helpful to you.