#千万IP创科普# Use expired eye drops, vision is only 0.1 | Silver Age Science Popularization

Pay attention to the life of the elderly and watch over the silver age life. In order to implement the "Silver Age Science Popularization" action in depth, build a silver age science popularization publicity system of "offline as the main, online as the supplement, online and offline combined", improve the scientific literacy and digital skills of the elderly, and better help the elderly adapt to the changes in the information society, Quanzhou Science and Technology Association, Quanzhou Open University, and Quanzhou Radio and Television Station launched the "Old Life Museum" column.

Woman's vision reduced to 0.1 due to expired eye drops

Do citizens who use their eyes for a long time have the habit of using eye drops? How long do you use your eye drops after opening them? Not long ago, a topic about a woman in Wuhan using expired eye drops to drop her eyes, causing her vision to drop to 0.1, became a hot topic on social platforms.

Ms. Zhao, 29, felt dry and uncomfortable in her eyes due to working in front of the computer for a long time, so she took out a bottle of eye drops that had nearly a year left before its expiration date and put a few drops in. Unexpectedly, the next day, Ms. Zhao's eyes began to become red, swollen and tearful, the secretions increased significantly, and she could not see clearly. Ms. Zhao immediately went to the hospital for treatment. Upon examination, Ms. Zhao's cornea was red, swollen and severely inflamed, and her vision was only 0.1. After checking the eye drops, the doctor found that they were left over from her opening half a year ago. In the end, she was diagnosed with bacterial keratitis caused by the use of expired eye drops. The eye drops clearly had nearly a year left before their expiration date, so how could they be "expired"?

It turns out that the shelf life of eye drops is not equal to the usage period. After opening, eye drops will come into contact with the outside world and are easily infected with bacteria. If they are still used after three weeks, they may cause secondary infections such as conjunctivitis or even keratitis. If not treated in time, it may also cause corneal ulcers, decreased vision, and in severe cases, blindness. In addition, some eye drops are suspensions, and it is not recommended to judge whether the eye drops are expired by color, floccules, etc. The eye drops should be stored in the instructions. There are also some rules for applying eye drops. You can sit or lie down, tilt your head back slightly, and look up.
It is worth noting that eye drops cannot be dripped directly into the eyeball. Because the surface of the eyeball is smooth, it will cause all the eye drops to flow out. After dripping, press the inner corner of the eye with the middle finger for 2 to 3 minutes to prevent the eye drops from entering the mouth through the nasolacrimal duct. The eyes are extremely sensitive and fragile organs of the human body. If the eye drops are dripped in the wrong way, not only will they fail to achieve the desired effect, but they may also cause unnecessary damage to the eyes.

How to prevent slipping in winter?

How to deal with an accidental fall? Rainy and snowy weather in winter increases the risk of falling, leading to an increase in the incidence of fractures, dislocations, and trauma. The elderly and people with limited mobility should go out for activities with necessary protection, or reduce unnecessary outdoor activities. If you must go out, some corresponding anti-slip measures are particularly important. For example, the elderly and children should wear shoes with good anti-slip properties, with deep patterns on the soles and good friction. The elderly can use auxiliary tools, such as multi-legged crutches, to help maintain body balance when walking. When walking, try to avoid areas with stagnant water, snow or severe ice, especially smooth and inclined roads. When walking, the stride should be small and the speed should be slow. Keep your feet as close to the ground as possible and walk in an outward eight-shaped shape, similar to the "penguin gait", which can increase the contact area between the soles of the feet and the ground and improve stability.

If you accidentally fall, it is important to handle it correctly.

There are three situations: If you experience severe limb pain after a fall, accompanied by obvious swelling and deformity, it is likely that a fracture or dislocation has occurred. Do not move the injured part at will to avoid secondary injury. Call the emergency number as soon as possible and wait for professional medical staff to come and deal with it.

If you experience dizziness, headache, nausea, and other symptoms after falling, you may be at risk of craniocerebral injury. You should also stay where you are and tilt your head to one side to prevent vomit from accidentally sucking in the air and causing suffocation. Ask others to call emergency services.

If it is only slight pain, you can slowly get up with the help of others and observe whether the discomfort symptoms worsen. If local swelling occurs or the pain persists, you should seek medical attention in time to avoid hidden injuries.

Please remember a set of numbers when taking a bath: 42, 20, 5

Sebaceous eczema is prevalent in winter, and the elderly who love hot baths are the worst affected. Recently, Grandma Jiang, who loves cleanliness, suffered from it. Not only did she get scales all over her body, but she also had cracks on her legs, which caused unbearable itching and pain...

It is understood that 72-year-old Grandma Jiang usually loves cleanliness and is used to taking a bath before going to bed every day. After the temperature drops in winter, she adjusts the water temperature higher. However, she was troubled by the inexplicable itching all over her body half a month ago. She found that the symptoms could only be slightly relieved by taking a hot bath. She took a hot bath with nearly 45℃ hot water for nearly 30 minutes every day, and even took another bath in the middle of the night when she woke up from the itching. It was not until a week later that her skin all over her body was itchy and painful to the point of being unable to sleep or eat, that she went to the hospital's dermatology department for treatment.

After a physical examination, the attending physician Fan Qianwen found that Grandma Jiang's skin was covered with a layer of white frost, dry and with a large number of white, fine scales scattered all over her body, especially the chapped skin on her calves, with obvious reticular red spots, like the cracks of fish scales. During the consultation, she was still scratching because of the itch, and she grimaced in pain when she scratched the cracks. After a comprehensive examination, the old lady was diagnosed with seborrheic eczema.

Doctors say that the elderly population has relatively less sebum secretion, especially in the cold winter. Coupled with the high temperature, long time and frequent excessive cleaning of patients, the skin protective film (commonly known as sebum film) on the skin surface is destroyed, which induces and aggravates the onset of xerosis eczema.

In order to prevent the disease from progressing and causing the cracked skin to rupture, the eczema to worsen, exudation (yellow water) to appear, and even secondary serious skin infection, the doctor formulated a treatment plan combining Chinese and Western medicine, such as antipruritic, Chinese medicine fumigation and phototherapy, for the elderly. At the same time, the doctor repeatedly reminded the elderly to avoid scalding and strengthen moisturizing. After 5 days of comprehensive treatment, the elderly's rash has significantly subsided, the cracked areas have healed and scabbed, and the itching has disappeared.
Doctors remind us that when bathing in winter, we should pay attention to a set of numbers regarding water temperature, duration, and moisturizing: 42, 20, 5. From the perspective of skin protection, it is not recommended to bathe every day in winter. It is enough to bathe once every 2 to 3 days depending on the sweating situation.

For those who love cleanliness and feel uncomfortable without washing, the water temperature should not exceed 42℃ , the shower should be controlled within 10 to 15 minutes, and the bath should not exceed 20 minutes . You can choose a moisturizing and mild shower gel, and never use soap-based shower gel or soap with strong cleaning power.

For the elderly who lack sebum and those who usually have dry skin, they should seize the golden 5 minutes after taking a bath to apply body lotion to enhance moisturizing.

Doctors remind that sebaceous eczema can be self-examined and tested. If you often feel dry and itchy skin, and dry white scales appear, and white marks appear when you scrape the skin, it often indicates dry skin. If the itching worsens, the skin becomes drier the more you wash, and even fish-scale cracking and peeling appear like Grandma Jiang, it indicates sebaceous eczema. In the early stages, you should strictly avoid excessive scalding and scratching, and insist on using skin moisturizers. Most cases can recover on their own. If the recovery is not obvious or even worsens, you should go to a regular hospital dermatology department as soon as possible and follow the doctor's orders for a full course of medical care.