It’s the 19th World Stroke Day. Save this popular science article about stroke!

Epidemiological survey data released by the Chinese Stroke Society show that there are 14.94 million stroke patients in my country, 3.3 million new stroke cases each year, 1.54 million people die from stroke each year, and about 80% of stroke survivors have varying degrees of disability.

In order to actively respond to international initiatives, the Chinese theme of this year's "World Stroke Day" is "Integration of physical and medical care to defeat stroke." On this special day, experts from the Department of Neurology of Hunan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine reviewed stroke-related knowledge with everyone.

1. What is a stroke?

Stroke is also called "stroke". It is an acute cerebrovascular disease. It is a group of acute cerebrovascular diseases that cause brain tissue damage due to sudden rupture of brain blood vessels or blockage of blood vessels that prevent blood from flowing into the brain.

2. What are the types of stroke?

There are two types of stroke: ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke.

Ischemic stroke occurs when a blood clot or narrowing of an artery prevents blood from reaching the brain, causing damage to brain tissue.

Hemorrhagic stroke is caused by a ruptured blood vessel that causes blood to overflow into the surrounding brain tissue, thereby compressing or damaging brain cells. Acute ischemic stroke accounts for about 70% of strokes.

3. How to identify stroke early?

Recommend the BE FAST principle (BE FAST Chinese literal translation: hurry up)! Let everyone recognize stroke as soon as possible:

Balance : Sudden dizziness that causes difficulty walking, crooked walking, or even falling.

Eyes : Sudden difficulty seeing in one or both eyes, blackouts, etc.

Face : Sudden facial asymmetry, mouth corner tilted to one side, drooling, etc.

Arm : Sudden weakness or numbness on one side of the arm.

Speech : Suddenly, you become unclear in speech, have a lisp, and cannot understand what others are saying.

Time : The above symptoms indicate a stroke, especially for high-risk groups such as patients with three highs. Please do not wait for the symptoms to subside on their own. Call 120 immediately for medical treatment as soon as possible.

4. Why should you seek medical attention quickly after a stroke?

The treatment effect of stroke is highly time-dependent. The incidence of acute ischemic stroke is high and the treatment time window is narrow. The earlier the treatment, the better the effect.

Carrying out intravenous thrombolysis and intravascular treatment within the time window is the most effective treatment measure at present. Once a stroke occurs, call 120 immediately and go to the nearest regular medical institution as soon as possible to receive standardized treatment. Intravenous thrombolysis within 4.5 hours of onset is the most important measure to restore blood flow!

5. Who are the people at high risk of stroke?

People at high risk of stroke include the following: hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, obesity, unreasonable diet, lack of exercise, smoking, alcoholism, family history, and people over 60 years old.

Hunan Medical Chat Special Author: Zhang Rong, Department of Neurology, Hunan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine

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(Edited by Wx)