#千万IP创科普# [World Mental Health Day] Build, govern, share, work together, be healthy and at ease

World Mental Health Day was initiated by the World Psychiatric Association in 1992 and is held on October 10th of each year. The World Health Organization believes that mental health refers to a state of health. In this state, everyone can recognize their own potential, adapt to normal life pressures, work effectively, and contribute to the place where they live. This year's publicity theme is "Co-construction, co-governance, and sharing, and work together for health and peace of mind", advocating that the whole society jointly build a mental health system, jointly govern mental health problems, and improve the public's mental health literacy. So what is mental health? What are the common mental illnesses in life? Let us follow the editor to find out↓

Mental health is also known as psychological hygiene or mental health. It is not only the absence of mental illness, but also includes a positive mental health state, such as emotional stability, good interpersonal relationships, the ability to cope with stress in life, the ability to self-awareness and self-realization, etc. Common mental illnesses include depression, anxiety, insomnia, schizophrenia, etc., and the symptoms and causes vary.

Common mental health problems in different age groups

1. Infants (0-3 years old)

Psychological development problems caused by improper parenting methods, such as poor speech development, poor communication skills and poor emotional behavior control. Parents should communicate with their children emotionally, verbally and physically, and cultivate good living habits for their children, which is a feasible way to avoid mental health problems in infants and young children.

2. Preschool children (4-6 years old)

It is difficult to leave parents and get along with friends. If not handled properly, they are prone to refuse to go to kindergarten and become lonely and unsociable among other children. Encouraging children to play games and share emotions with friends, and cultivating their independence and cooperation skills are feasible ways to avoid mental health problems in preschool children.

3. School-age children (7-12 years old) and adolescents (13-18 years old)

Learning problems (such as test anxiety, learning difficulties), interpersonal communication problems (such as poor school adaptation, truancy), emotional problems, sexual and psychological development problems, behavioral problems (such as bullying, self-harm, reckless risk-taking), Internet addiction, smoking, drinking, drug exposure, excessive star chasing, excessive dieting, anorexia and bulimia, etc. Adjusting learning pressure, learning emotional communication, enhancing social adaptability, and cultivating interests and hobbies are feasible ways to avoid mental health problems in school-age children and adolescents.

4. Middle-aged and young people (19-55 years old)

Work-related problems, such as poor adaptation to the work environment, strained interpersonal relationships, employment and work pressure, etc.; family-related problems, such as marital crisis, strained family relationships, and children's education problems. Building a good interpersonal support network, learning to actively seek help, living a balanced life, and developing interests and hobbies are feasible ways to avoid mental health problems in young and middle-aged people.

5. Middle-aged and elderly (over 55 years old)

Adaptation and emotional problems caused by retirement, relationships with children, empty nests, family and marital changes, physical illnesses, etc. Accepting the physiological changes caused by aging, establishing new social circles, participating in community and social activities, learning new knowledge, and expanding interests and hobbies are feasible ways to avoid mental health problems in middle-aged and elderly people. How to prevent mental illness?

1. Maintain a healthy lifestyle. Keep a regular schedule and get enough sleep. 7-8 hours of high-quality sleep every night helps maintain normal brain function. Eat a healthy diet, eat nutritious foods such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and high-quality protein (fish, beans, etc.), avoid excessive drinking and smoking, and reduce excessive caffeine intake.

2. Learn psychological adjustment. Learn techniques to cope with stress, such as relaxing your body and mind through exercise, meditation, deep breathing, etc. Develop a positive attitude, focus on the positive things in life, and think positively when you encounter difficulties. For example, view setbacks as opportunities for growth instead of just complaining. Improve psychological resilience and strengthen your ability to withstand stress and setbacks by gradually facing challenges.

3. Maintain social support. Establish and maintain good interpersonal relationships, keep in close contact with family and friends, and share the joys and sorrows of life. Actively participate in social activities, join interest groups, community activities, etc., and expand your social circle. This will allow you to get more support and advice when you encounter problems, and it will also help reduce loneliness and psychological pressure.

4. Carry out early intervention. Pay attention to the mental health development of children and adolescents. Parents and teachers should pay attention to their emotions and behavioral changes, promptly identify possible psychological problems and intervene. For people who have experienced psychological trauma (such as natural disasters, violent incidents, etc.), timely psychological counseling should be provided to prevent the development of mental illness.

Ten Rules for Mental Health Literacy

1. Emphasize that mental health is an important part of health, and that physical and mental health are closely related and influence each other.

2. Moderate exercise is beneficial to emotional health and can prevent and relieve anxiety and depression.

3. Actively seeking help when encountering psychological problems is a responsible and wise behavior.

4. Don’t ignore poor sleep, as it may be a mental and physical health problem.

5. Depression and anxiety can be effectively prevented and treated, and require early assessment and active treatment.

6. When taking psychotropic drugs, you must follow the doctor's advice, do not abuse them, and do not reduce or stop taking them on your own.

7. Children’s psychological development follows certain rules. We need to understand them more, respect them more, and provide scientific guidance.

8. To prevent Alzheimer's disease, you need to exercise more, use your brain more, and have more social contact.

9. We should understand and care for patients with mental and psychological illnesses, and not discriminate against or exclude them.

10. Use scientific methods to relieve stress, don’t escape, and don’t be negative.

The main purpose of launching World Mental Health Day is to raise public awareness of mental health issues, eliminate prejudice and discrimination, promote and popularize mental health knowledge, advocate that the whole society pay attention to, understand and support the development of mental health, improve the level of mental health services, and make more people pay attention to mental health and improve mental health status.