Cervical cancer, every woman should know...

When it comes to cervical cancer, people used to think of Anita Mui. Every flower withers for a reason and a sign. Cervical cancer is a disease caused by infection, so it can be prevented.

When it comes to infection, we have to talk about cervical erosion. Let's first correctly understand cervical erosion. "Cervical erosion" is a name that has withdrawn from the stage of history. The reason why everyone is "familiar" is due to the influence of advertisements and private clinics. Many women go to the hospital for a gynecological examination and ask the doctor worriedly: "Do you have cervical erosion?" In fact, is cervical erosion a disease? Cervical erosion is ectopic cervical columnar epithelium, which can be physiological or pathological. There is a huge difference between cervical erosion and cervical cancer. It is not the consequence of "private life erosion" and will not be transmitted to the partner. When you are told that you have "cervical erosion", you should undergo liquid-based cell examination and HPV examination, and colposcopy or biopsy if necessary. If you have cervical erosion, don't blindly treat it. If there are no symptoms, you only need to screen regularly. If there are symptoms, you need to consider physical therapy, and you need to go to a regular hospital for treatment.

Let's get to know cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in the cervical epithelium. Its early manifestations may be irregular bleeding and pain. Just as influenza has influenza viruses, cervical cancer also has cervical cancer viruses. Its scientific name is "human papillomavirus", or HPV. HPV is a large family with more than 200 types. It is divided into the eldest family - high-risk type and the second family - low-risk type. The eldest family has more than a dozen people, including 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 68, etc. The second family has 6, 11, etc. Under what circumstances will members of this family come to visit? Generally, when the host's immunity is low, they will take advantage of the opportunity to enter when "applauding for love". When infected with HPV, we say it comes to "visit" because it will mostly disappear on its own, that is, when your immunity is good, it will feel that your body is rejecting it and does not welcome it, so it will quietly leave. Some will continue to be infected and live peacefully in the body, or they will develop into precancerous lesions or even cervical cancer. Precancerous lesions will not develop into cervical cancer as long as they are treated properly. If precancerous lesions are not treated, they may develop into cervical cancer.

Can cervical cancer be detected in its early stages? The answer is yes! There may be no symptoms in early cervical cancer, but there are some clues. Many communities offer free screening for "two cancers" every year. One of these "two cancers" is cervical cancer. For women who have sex, HPV and TCT screening can detect cervical precancerous lesions early so that corresponding treatment can be given, such as colposcopy, cervical biopsy, cervical conization, etc.

There are also vaccines for preventing HPV, which can effectively prevent HPV infection. There are currently three types of HPV vaccines on the market: bivalent, quadrivalent and nonavalent. What is the difference between the three? Bivalent refers to types 16 and 18, which are the two main members of the high-risk type (old family) mentioned above. Most cervical cancers are infected with these two types. Quadrivalent is based on the bivalent plus two low-risk members 6 and 11. Nine-valent is based on the quadrivalent plus five high-risk members 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58. So is the higher the price-effectiveness, the better? Not really. You can choose to inject according to the corresponding age. Bivalent and quadrivalent are suitable for 9-45 years old, and nine-valent is suitable for 16-26 years old. Of course, if you are over 26 years old and can't buy bivalent or quadrivalent HPV vaccines, you can also choose nine-valent vaccines. It should be noted that women who do not have sex can be vaccinated with HPV vaccines, and the effect is better. However, pregnant women are not recommended to be vaccinated with HPV vaccines. However, if you become pregnant during the vaccination period, there is no need to have an abortion, just interrupt or postpone the unfinished vaccination. Also, it is not recommended to get the HPV vaccine during breastfeeding, but it will not affect the menstrual period. The most common adverse reaction after the HPV vaccine is pain at the injection site, and other adverse reactions are rare. It should be noted that after the HPV vaccine is injected, regular cervical cancer checks are still required. Because HPV is a large family, the vaccine does not prevent cervical cancer 100%.

In short, cervical cancer is preventable and curable. To stay away from cervical cancer, starting from the cause, standardized examination, early injection of HPV vaccine, and standardized treatment of precancerous lesions are the key.