Lecture on popular science knowledge of preventing brucellosis

1. What is brucellosis?

Brucellosis, also known as brucellosis, is a zoonotic infectious disease.

2. What are the common sources of infection of brucellosis?

Brucella can be transmitted between different animals, and can also be transmitted from animals to humans. Human brucellosis is almost always caused by infected animals. Infected animals (including wild animals) such as sheep, cattle, pigs, dogs, cats, etc. are the main sources of infection.

3. What are the transmission routes of brucellosis?

Brucellosis can enter the body through the skin and mucous membranes (direct contact infection), the digestive tract (food or drinking water), and the respiratory tract (droplets and dust). The route of infection is related to occupation, diet, and lifestyle.

4. Who is susceptible to brucellosis?

People susceptible to brucellosis include veterinarians, inspectors, breeders and herders, fur processing, slaughterhouses, and milking workers who come into contact with sick animals. Once Brucella invades the human body, they can become ill under certain conditions.

5. What are the common symptoms of brucellosis?

The main symptoms are long-term fever (with chills), irregular fever pattern, sweating, bone, joint and muscle pain, fatigue, headache, etc. The chronic stage is mostly fixed joint pain. The late stage can lead to joint stiffness or deformity, or even bone destruction.

6. How long is the course of brucellosis and what is the prognosis?

The natural course of the disease is 3 to 6 months (average 4 months), but it can take several years for the elderly. Most patients recover within 3 to 6 months. Failure to seek medical treatment in time or failure to take medication for a full course of treatment can easily lead to chronic brucellosis and serious sequelae.

7. When is the peak season for brucellosis? Brucellosis can occur all year round, with the peak period being March to August. Generally speaking, in pastoral and agricultural areas, people frequently come into contact with livestock, giving them more chances of infection.

8. What are the preventive measures for brucellosis?

1. Do not eat milk and dairy products that have not been sterilized. Do not eat meat and meat products from animals with brucellosis. 2. Raw and cooked meat cutting boards must be used separately. Beef and mutton should be cooked thoroughly before eating and disinfected when necessary. 3. Do not use hair and skins of infected animals, especially hair and skins produced in areas where brucellosis is prevalent. 4. Sanitary disinfection must be carried out when entering and leaving animal pens with epidemic diseases. 5. Relevant personnel with occupational history and patients with symptoms of brucellosis should seek medical treatment in time, cooperate with animal husbandry departments, strengthen quarantine and immunization among animals, eliminate sick animals and other comprehensive prevention and control measures. 6. Strengthen personal protection and actively prevent brucellosis.