A small science class on lower extremity venous thrombosis

There are three main causes of venous thrombosis: slow blood flow, hypercoagulable state of blood and damage to the vascular endothelium.

Lower limb venous thrombosis may also be related to factors such as lack of exercise, external pressure, increasing age and excessive obesity.

1. Lack of exercise:

Staying still or sitting for a long time can cause blood circulation in the lower limbs to slow down, and slower blood flow will increase the risk of blood clots.

2. External pressure:

Prolonged external pressure on the lower limbs, such as wearing tight pants, socks or bandages for a long time, will hinder normal blood circulation and promote the formation of blood clots.

3. Age increase:

Aging is one of the risk factors for lower extremity venous thrombosis. As you age, the elasticity of the vein walls decreases and the function of the muscle pump may also decrease, increasing the risk of thrombosis.

4. Obesity:

Excessive obesity will also increase the risk of lower extremity venous thrombosis. Obese patients will have an increased cardiac load and increased pressure in the lower extremity veins, which will increase the probability of thrombosis. Therefore, it is also very necessary to control weight.

Lower limb thrombosis mostly refers to lower limb venous thrombosis. The measures to prevent lower limb venous thrombosis mainly include diet management, exercise management, anticoagulant drug treatment, etc.

1.Diet management:

Diet is also an important aspect in preventing lower limb venous thrombosis.

Patients need to maintain a light, easily digestible, nutritious diet, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, eat more foods rich in dietary fiber, avoid spicy, stimulating, greasy foods, quit drinking, avoid high-sugar, high-fat diets, pay attention to a balanced diet, and quit smoking.

2. Sports Management:

Long-term sitting will lead to slower blood circulation in blood vessels, which may cause the occurrence of thrombosis and other phenomena, which is not conducive to the venous return of the lower limbs, and will increase the probability of the disease. Exercise can not only effectively promote the body's blood circulation, but also effectively enhance the patient's resistance and immunity. Exercise can alleviate the effects of sitting or standing for a long time, thereby preventing the occurrence of lower limb venous thrombosis. Maintain a good posture. If you maintain a posture for a long time, the blood circulation in the veins of the lower limbs will be poor, which is prone to blood clots. It is recommended to change postures more often, avoid sitting or standing for a long time, and maintain a healthy weight. If you need to sit for a long time, you can adjust your posture in the seat to keep your feet in contact with the ground as much as possible. Avoid crossing your legs for a long time. You can also strengthen the practice of ankle pump exercises:

So how do you do the ankle pump exercise? Come and learn with me!

(1) Flexion and extension exercises:

Have the patient lie or sit on the bed, stretch the lower limbs, relax the thighs, slowly curl the toes, try to make the toes point to oneself, hold for 10 seconds, then slowly press the toes down, hold for 10 seconds, and then relax. Repeat the ankle flexion and extension like this, practice for 5 minutes every hour, and practice five to eight times a day.

(2) Circular motion:

Have the patient lie or sit on the bed, keep the lower limbs extended, the thighs relaxed, and the toes circle 360 ​​degrees with the ankle joint as the center, trying to keep the movement as wide as possible. It can be performed alternately clockwise and counterclockwise, with the same frequency as flexion and extension exercises: practice for 5 minutes every hour, and practice five to eight times a day.

3. Anticoagulant drug therapy:

Anticoagulants (low molecular weight heparin sodium injection, rivaroxaban tablets) can also be used to prevent lower extremity venous thrombosis. For example, patients who are about to undergo surgery must be subcutaneously injected with low molecular weight heparin sodium injection before and after surgery. Tumor patients can also take rivaroxaban tablets orally. However, you must pay attention to strictly follow the doctor's instructions. During medication, closely observe for signs of bleeding, such as bleeding gums, bleeding spots on the skin, or wounds that do not heal for a long time and blood in the stool. If the above conditions occur, you need to seek medical treatment in time.

4. Daily life management:

(1) Wear appropriate socks:

Choosing the right socks is also an important measure to prevent lower extremity venous thrombosis. It is recommended to choose tight elastic stockings or pressure stockings (worn correctly under the guidance of medical staff), which can increase the venous return rate of the lower extremities and reduce the formation of deep vein thrombosis.

(2) Massage and hot compress:

Massage and hot compress can promote blood circulation in the lower limbs and relieve fatigue and soreness in the lower limbs. It is recommended to perform simple massage and hot compress every night before going to bed.

(3) Raise your lower limbs:

It is recommended to raise your lower limbs as much as possible when lying in bed. You can place pillows or blankets under your lower limbs to promote venous return in the lower limbs and reduce the burden on the heart.

5. Regular physical examination:

Regular physical examinations can detect risk factors for lower extremity venous thrombosis early, and preventive measures can be taken in time to avoid such problems. It is recommended to have a comprehensive physical examination once a year.

To sum up, it is recommended that patients seek medical attention in a timely manner if they feel any discomfort and receive treatment under the guidance of a doctor. Do not take or stop taking medication without authorization to avoid aggravating the condition.

Author: Jin Yuehua Gaotang County Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital