Dietary care for chronic glomerulonephritis

Patients with chronic glomerulonephritis generally show symptoms such as decreased urine volume and edema. In order to reduce the burden on the kidneys, they should choose light and easily digestible foods, and choose a salt-free or low-salt diet as much as possible. After the patient gradually recovers, the edema subsides and the urine volume increases. It is necessary to appropriately supplement high-quality protein and carbohydrates. At the same time, some patients are accompanied by anemia, and they should also choose iron-containing foods as much as possible.

1. The concept of chronic glomerulonephritis

Most of the symptoms of chronic glomerulonephritis are hypertension, proteinuria, edema, etc. There are many causes of chronic glomerulonephritis, and the disease progresses slowly. Renal function will decline to varying degrees. If not treated in time, it may cause renal function to deteriorate. In chronic glomerulonephritis, high blood pressure and excessive urine protein can lead to glomerular sclerosis, which is also a key factor in the deterioration of nephritis. Therefore, during treatment, it is necessary to strengthen the control of the patient's blood pressure and urine protein. Chronic glomerulonephritis is prone to problems such as water and sodium retention, so patients must strictly limit their salt intake. This also requires patients with chronic glomerulonephritis to pay attention to dietary care to avoid recurrence or worsening of the disease.

2. Dietary care for chronic glomerulonephritis

1. Eat more foods rich in carbohydrates. Most patients with chronic glomerulonephritis have proteinuria, so protein intake should be limited. When protein intake is reduced, the body's calorie supply will be insufficient. It needs to be supplemented by increasing carbohydrate intake. At the same time, sufficient calories in the body can also reduce protein consumption and reduce the burden on the kidneys. Therefore, if patients with chronic glomerulonephritis want to reduce the burden on the kidneys, they should appropriately increase the intake of carbohydrates. Common foods high in carbohydrates include corn starch, vermicelli, potatoes and other foods.

2. Eat more foods rich in vitamins. The treatment course of chronic glomerulonephritis is relatively long. At the same time, the patient's appetite decreases, resulting in less food intake, which affects the patient's absorption of vitamins. The patient's small food intake may also lead to vitamin deficiency in the body and cause various complications. Therefore, patients should pay attention to the intake of vitamins and eat more foods rich in microorganisms, such as various fresh vegetables and fruits.

3. Supplement high-quality protein appropriately. Patients with chronic glomerulonephritis should supplement high-quality protein appropriately and limit the level of protein intake. Use high-quality protein to provide the body with corresponding calories. Patients can drink 250 ml of low-fat milk every day, or eat one egg every day to meet the body's protein requirements. You can also eat some steamed fish to supplement protein.

4. Eat more foods rich in calcium. Patients with chronic glomerulonephritis are generally accompanied by symptoms of calcium deficiency, so patients should appropriately supplement calcium-containing foods, such as dried shrimps, milk and other foods.

5. Reduce sodium salt intake. Patients with chronic glomerulonephritis should reduce sodium salt intake as much as possible. Sodium salt will increase the burden on the kidneys, leading to a weakening of the kidney's metabolic capacity, which in turn will trigger various abnormal reactions in the body and aggravate the condition.

6. Avoid eating foods with high fat content. Patients should reduce their fat intake. If patients with chronic glomerulonephritis consume a lot of fat, it will aggravate the damage to the glomeruli and affect the treatment effect of the disease.

7. Eat more alkaline foods. The urine of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis is generally acidic. Eating alkaline foods can adjust the pH value of the patient's urine. Therefore, alkaline foods are more friendly to patients with chronic nephritis. Common alkaline foods include tofu, mushrooms, carrots and other foods, which can promote the treatment of patients.

8. Patients’ dietary taboos

Friends with chronic glomerulonephritis should strictly avoid high-salt foods, such as MSG, shacha sauce, soy sauce, ketchup, etc. At the same time, animal offal, such as animal kidneys and livers, should not be taken. Eat less spicy foods, such as garlic, onions, ginger, peppers, and wine. It is forbidden to eat pickled foods, such as various pickles, etc. At the same time, irritating foods, such as fennel, pepper, etc., should not be eaten.

9. Do not limit water intake

Patients should increase their water intake. There are no special restrictions on water intake. Patients can drink more orange juice, tangerine juice and vegetable juice to achieve the effect of diuresis and swelling.

Patients with chronic glomerulonephritis should try to ensure a light diet, eat more foods rich in carbohydrates and vitamins, and appropriately supplement high-quality protein to ensure the body's energy. Patients must strictly control their sodium salt intake according to their conditions, especially patients with severe edema should appropriately control their water intake. Ensure a light diet and do not eat irritating foods. Through strict dietary control and management, the patient's kidney burden can be reduced, the patient's energy and nutrition supply can be guaranteed, and the patient's recovery can be promoted.

Author: Li Xiurong, Chengdu Sixth People's Hospital