Risk factors and prevention strategies for cervical precancerous lesions

Cervical cancer is a common malignant tumor in women worldwide. The occurrence of precancerous lesions is related to a variety of factors. Understanding these risk factors can help us take better preventive measures and reduce the risk of disease.

1. The main risk factors for cervical precancerous lesions:

1. Infection factors:

HPV infection: especially HPV types 16 and 18. These two types of HPV viruses are the main causes of cervical cancer and can cause more than 70% of cervical cancer.

Other infections: In addition to HPV, other sexually transmitted diseases and infections may increase your risk of cancer.

2. Lifestyle:

1. Sexual behavior habits: such as having sexual activity too early, having too many sexual partners or having too many sexual partners as a spouse, multiple pregnancies, etc., all increase the risk of HPV infection.

2. Bad living habits: smoking, drinking, long-term oral contraceptives, malnutrition, poor hygiene habits, etc. may affect the immune system and increase the chance of HPV infection.

3. Genetic factors: Studies have shown that cervical cancer has a certain familial clustering, that is, the patient's female relatives have a higher risk of the disease.

4. Social factors: Women with low education, low socioeconomic level, and unwillingness to actively undergo screening have a higher risk of cervical cancer.

2. Prevention strategies:

1. Primary prevention:

HPV vaccination: HPV vaccination is the main means of preventing cervical cancer. At present, the HPV vaccines available in my country include bivalent, quadrivalent and nonavalent vaccines, all of which can effectively prevent HPV infection. People who are vaccinated early will benefit the most. It is recommended that girls aged 9 to 14 be the first to be vaccinated. Bivalent and quadrivalent vaccines can prevent at least 70% to 84.5% of cervical cancer, and nonavalent vaccines can prevent about 92% of cervical cancer.

Raise health awareness: Increase knowledge and prevention of cervical cancer.

2. Cultivate good living habits:

A balanced diet, increased physical exercise, and avoiding staying up late can help improve the body's immunity and resist viral invasion.

Correct use of condoms can reduce the risk of sexually transmitted diseases.

3. Regular screening:

Regular cervical cytology and HPV testing can help detect and treat precancerous lesions early.

For people with high-risk factors, the importance of regular screening should be emphasized.

By understanding the risk factors of cervical precancerous lesions and taking appropriate preventive measures, the risk of disease can be effectively reduced and women's health can be protected.