Beware of these three types of colorectal cancer precancerous lesions

The occurrence of colorectal cancer often goes through a process from normal tissue to precancerous lesions and then to cancer. In this process, some specific pathological changes play a key bridging role. Understanding these precancerous lesions of colorectal cancer is of great significance for the prevention of colorectal cancer. These lesions mainly include colorectal adenomas, inflammatory bowel disease and genetic syndromes.

1. Colorectal adenoma

Colorectal adenoma is the most common precancerous lesion of colorectal cancer. Most colorectal cancers gradually evolve from adenomas. Adenomas can be divided into many types, such as tubular adenomas, villous adenomas, and mixed tubulovillous adenomas. These adenomas may undergo gene mutations during their growth and then develop into malignant tumors.

2. Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a type of chronic intestinal inflammatory disease, mainly including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Long-term inflammatory environment may cause genetic mutations in intestinal cells, thereby increasing the risk of cancer.

3. Genetic syndrome

Genetic syndromes are also associated with the development of colorectal cancer, such as Lynch syndrome (LS), familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), MUTYH-associated polyposis (MAP), Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), and juvenile polyposis (JPS). These syndromes are usually caused by specific gene mutations, and the risk of colorectal cancer in patients during their lifetime is significantly increased.

Understanding and identifying colorectal cancer precancerous lesions is crucial to preventing colorectal cancer. Early screening, early diagnosis and early treatment can effectively reduce the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer.