The secrets of kidney care revealed! A must-have dietary guide for kidney disease patients!

A proper diet can reduce the burden on the kidneys and protect kidney function. The dietary principles for kidney disease patients are as follows:

1. Diet for nephrotic syndrome

1. Water intake: During the edema period, water intake should be limited (including drinking water, milk, porridge, beverages, noodle soup, watermelon and other water-rich fruits). You can drink water normally after the edema is relieved and the urine volume returns to normal.

2. Sodium salt intake: When edema occurs, you should pay attention to a low-salt diet to avoid aggravating the edema. Eat less pickled food, soy sauce, MSG and other condiments. When the edema subsides and the plasma protein is close to normal, you can resume a normal diet.

3. Protein intake: Patients with nephrotic syndrome should avoid excessive protein intake on the basis of ensuring nutrition, which will increase the burden on the kidneys. It is advisable to consume high-quality animal protein, such as lean meat, fish, eggs, milk, etc. Generally, the protein intake of patients with nephrotic syndrome is 0.8-1.0g/(Kg.d). One egg contains about 6g of protein, one bowl of milk (about 200ml) contains about 6g of protein, and 50g of lean meat contains about 8g of protein.

4. Fat intake: Patients with nephrotic syndrome often have hyperlipidemia, so they should limit their intake of foods rich in cholesterol and fat, such as animal offal, egg yolks, shellfish, and fatty meat.

5. Supplementation of trace elements: In addition to losing a large amount of protein in the urine, patients with nephrotic syndrome also lose certain trace elements and hormones that are bound to proteins, resulting in a lack of calcium, magnesium, zinc, and iron, which should be supplemented appropriately. Generally, they can eat vegetables, fruits, grains, seafood, etc. that are rich in vitamins and trace elements to supplement.

6. Appropriately limit calorie intake: During the use of glucocorticoids, appetite often increases, and excessive weight gain and obesity may occur due to excessive food intake. Sometimes it can also cause liver enlargement and fatty liver. Therefore, calorie intake should be appropriately limited, and less sugar and sweets should be eaten.

7. Dietary taboos: Avoid eating too much raw, cold, or spicy food; avoid spoiled or unclean food; do not drink alcohol or smoke.

2. Diet for chronic kidney disease

In addition to paying attention to a low-salt, low-fat, high-quality, low-protein diet, patients with chronic kidney disease should also pay attention to the following:

1. Limit potassium intake: Hyperkalemia is a common and extremely dangerous complication in patients with chronic renal insufficiency. Patients with chronic kidney disease should avoid eating foods that contain too much potassium. High-potassium foods include green leafy vegetables, mushrooms, seaweed, kelp, carrots, potatoes, bananas, tomatoes, dates, oranges, tangerines, mangoes, persimmons, etc. Green leafy vegetables should be blanched before cooking.

2. Limit phosphorus intake: Patients with chronic renal insufficiency often have hyperphosphatemia and should limit phosphorus intake. High-phosphorus foods include whole-wheat cereals and their products (brown rice, whole-wheat bread), animal offal (liver, kidney, brain), nuts (melon seeds, peanuts, walnuts, cashews, chestnuts) and sauce products (peanut butter), chocolate, egg yolks, etc.